Effect on macrophage proliferation of a novel polysaccharide from Lactarius deliciosus (L. ex Fr.) Gray

Abstract

The fundamental mechanisms underlying the preventional and therapeutic effects of polysaccharides from fungi, including the immunostimulatory, antiviral and antitumor effects, are considered to occur through the modulation and stimulation of the macrophage and complement system. LDG-A, a novel polysaccharide from Lactarius deliciosus (L. ex Fr.) Gray exhibits marked antitumor activities in vivo. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the antitumor activities of LDG-A remains unclear. In the present study, cell cycle analysis was performed in macrophages and B cells, and the transcriptomes of macrophages in the control group and LDG-A group were sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory and antitumor activities of LDG-A. The cell cycle analysis results indicated that LDG-A was able to promote the proliferation of B cells by promoting cell cycle progression in S phase and G 2 /M phase and eliminating cell cycle arrest in G 0 /G 1 , and promote the proliferation of macrophages by promoting cell cycle progression in G 0 /G 1 phase and eliminating cell cycle arrest in G 2 /M phase. Of the total number of genes (8,140), ~77.00% were expressed [reads per kilobase per million reads (RPKM) ≥1] and 1,352 genes were highly expressed (RPKM >60) in the LDG-A group. Of 775 unigenes which were identified as DEGs, 469 were downregulated and 306 genes were upregulated. A protein chip method was also used to determine the cytokines secreted by macrophages. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and GO enrichment analysis indicated that the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, mitogen-activated protein kinase, chemokine, vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor β signaling pathways are markedly enriched for DEGs.

Antitumor bioactivity of porphyran extracted from Pyropia yezoensis Chonsoo2 on human cancer cell lines

“…A). Growing evidence shows that natural polysaccharides promote cell proliferation, such as the polysaccharides from Lactarius deliciosus and Fructus Mori . The toxicity of 5‐FU against the cancer cell lines was significant, causing over 50% of cell death (Fig.…”

Structural characterization and immune regulation of a novel polysaccharide from Maerkang Lactarius deliciosus Gray

“…Lactarius deliciosus Gray is a rare edible mushroom with high nutritional value that has attracted increasing attention (7). As one of the main effective components of L. deliciosus, its polysaccharides exhibit a broad spectrum of application, including anti-tumor activity, macrophage immunostimulant activity and B cell immunostimulant activity (8)(9)(10)(11). Therefore, studies on the structure and biological activity of L. deliciosus polysaccharide are of great significance for the application and development of L. deliciosus treatment.…”

“…Therefore, studies on the structure and biological activity of L. deliciosus polysaccharide are of great significance for the application and development of L. deliciosus treatment. In previous studies, certain water-soluble polysaccharides have been extracted and purified from the fruiting bodies of wild L. deliciosus (8)(9)(10). These studies also revealed that L. deliciosus polysaccharides exhibit immunoregulatory and anti-tumor activities (8)(9)(10).…”

“…In previous studies, certain water-soluble polysaccharides have been extracted and purified from the fruiting bodies of wild L. deliciosus (8)(9)(10). These studies also revealed that L. deliciosus polysaccharides exhibit immunoregulatory and anti-tumor activities (8)(9)(10). Furthermore, the polysaccharides of L. deliciosus from different habitats exhibit different structures (11).…”

miR‐17‐5p affects porcine granulosa cell growth and oestradiol synthesis by targeting E2F1 gene

“…miR-320 regulates the mouse GC proliferation and steroid production by targeting E2F1 and SF-1 in the follicular development (Yin et al, 2014). E2F transcription factors play a key role in promoting advancement of the cell division cycle from the G1 to S phases (Shauna & Frederick 2012). Therefore, E2F1 might regulate the ovarian GC growth and then play a role in follicular development.…”