Effect on calves of barley naturally contaminated with ochratoxin A and groundnut meal contaminated with low concentrations of aflatoxin R1

Patterson, D.S.P.; Shreeve, B.J.; Roberts, B.A.; Berrett, Sylvia; Brush, Pamela J.; Glancy, E.M.; Krogh, P.

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)32496-2

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the findings of six ruminating 12-week-old calves, which were fed diets containing 390 to 540 μg OTA/kg for 87 days and did not show any evidence of kidney or liver damage (Patterson et al 1981). No abnormalities in the body conditions of any group of cows except three cows, as explained later, were observed.…”

Section: Body Conditionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Influence of repeated ochratoxin A ingestion on milk production and its carry‐over into the milk, blood and tissues of lactating cows

Hashimoto¹,

Katsunuma²,

Nunokawa³

et al. 2015

Animal Science Journal

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An experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of repeated ingestion of ochratoxin A (OTA) on milk production of lactating Holstein cows over 28 days, and the carry-over of OTA from the diets into the milk and tissues of the cows. Nine cows were divided into three groups, labeled OTA5, OTA50 and OTA100, and fed a diet containing 5, 50 and 100 µg OTA/kg of dry matter, respectively. Body weight, feed intake and daily milk yield in cows were not different among the three groups during the OTA-intake period. OTA residues were neither detected in the tissues, such as liver, kidney, muscles, fat and jejunoileum, nor in the milk of any cows in the OTA intake groups. In contrast, a small amount of OTA (0.1 µg/kg) was detected in the blood plasma of one sample in the OTA50 group and multiple samples in the OTA100 group. The results of this study show that the ingestion of diets containing up to 100 µg/kg of OTA over 28 days does not affect feed intake or milk production of cows, and the dietary OTA is not carried over into milk and edible tissues such as the liver, muscles and fat.

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Section: Body Conditionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Influence of repeated ochratoxin A ingestion on milk production and its carry‐over into the milk, blood and tissues of lactating cows

Hashimoto¹,

Katsunuma²,

Nunokawa³

et al. 2015

Animal Science Journal

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“…EOE ects of OTA on humoral immunity depend on the route of administration and the species. Broiler chickens fed diets containing 4 mg OA kg 1 feed had decreased IgG, IgA and IgM concentrations (Dwivedi et al 1984a, b), whereas immunoglobulins in cows were not aOE ected by feeding diets containing 390±540 mg OTA kg 1 feed (Patterson et al 1981). Stoev et al (2000) demonstrated that pigs administered feed moulded by A. ochraceus that contained, among other toxins, 1 and 3 ppm ochratoxin A, were more susceptible to salmonellas.…”

Section: Immunotoxicity and Myelotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Balkan endemic nephropathy and associated urinary tract tumours: a review on aetiological causes and the potential role of mycotoxins

Pfohl‐Leszkowicz

Petkova-Bocharova²,

In³

et al. 2002

Food Additives and Contaminants

309

172

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A series of publications in the 1950s described a kidney disease in Bulgaria, the former Yugoslavia and Romania that became known as Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN). The disease was qualified by World Health Organisation (WHO) experts as 'progressive and very gradually developing renal failure with insidious onset.... The last stage shows marked fibrosis...'. BEN is characterized by tubular degeneration, interstitial fibrosis and hyalinization of glomeruli accompanied by enzymuria and impaired renal function without nephrotic syndrome. Later, an association between BEN and tumours of the kidney pelvis and ureter was recognized, so that the problem of BEN became not only nephrological, but also oncological. There may also be an association with increased urinary bladder cancer incidence, although many confounding factors may interfere in the analysis of data for this organ. In view of the very intimate association between BEN and the urinary tract tumours (UTT), the term 'endemic uropathy' has been proposed. Several hypothesis concerning the aetiology of these diseases has been investigated, which include: predisposing genes factors, environmental factors (heavy metals, minerals, bacteria, leptospira, viruses, fungal toxins and, most recently, pliocene lignites). This paper reviews the different hypotheses about the aetiology of endemic uropathy and pays particular attention to the role of fungal toxins.

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“…Harvey et al (1987) observed a reduction in IgG (IgY), but found an increased IgM in the bursa of Fabricius in chick embryos. In contrast, IgA, IgM, IgG1, and IgG2 in the serum of calves exposed to environmental bacterial and viral antigens were not affected by OTA (Patterson et al, 1981). The latter finding probably results from the resistance of cattle to oral OTA exposure due to its detoxification by ruminal microorganisms and/or by digestive enzymes from pancreas (Pitout & Nel, 1969;Pitout, 1969).…”

Section: Impairment Of Immunoglobulin and Antibody Responsementioning

confidence: 83%

“…(1987) observed a reduction in IgG (IgY), but found an increased IgM in the bursa of Fabricius in chick embryos. In contrast, IgA, IgM, IgG1, and IgG2 in the serum of calves exposed to environmental bacterial and viral antigens were not affected by OTA (Patterson et al. , 1981).…”

Section: Impairment Of Immunoglobulin and Antibody Responsementioning

confidence: 95%

Immunotoxic activity of ochratoxin A

Al-Anati

Petzinger

2006

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

153

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is an immunosuppressant fungal compound, produced by toxigenic species of Aspergillus and Penicillium fungi in a wide variety of climates and geographical regions. The contamination of food by this mycotoxin takes place primarily during preharvest periods. Almost all types of food can be contaminated. In addition, its chemical stability against heat and during industrial food processing makes OTA one of the most abundant food contaminating mycotoxins. Due in part to its long serum half-life in man, almost 100% of all human blood samples from some geographic regions may be positive for OTA. The immunosuppressant activity of OTA is characterized by size reduction of vital immune organs, such as thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes, depression of antibody responses, alterations in the number and functions of immune cells, and modulation of cytokine production. The immunotoxic activity of OTA probably results from degenerative changes and cell death following necrosis and apoptosis, in combination with slow replacement of affected immune cells, due to inhibition of protein synthesis.

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Effect on calves of barley naturally contaminated with ochratoxin A and groundnut meal contaminated with low concentrations of aflatoxin R1

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Influence of repeated ochratoxin A ingestion on milk production and its carry‐over into the milk, blood and tissues of lactating cows

Influence of repeated ochratoxin A ingestion on milk production and its carry‐over into the milk, blood and tissues of lactating cows

Balkan endemic nephropathy and associated urinary tract tumours: a review on aetiological causes and the potential role of mycotoxins

Immunotoxic activity of ochratoxin A

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