Effect of ZrO2 addition on the microstructure and electromagnetic properties of YIG

Phase and magnetic properties evolutions of Y3−x(CaZr)xFe5−xO12 by the sol–gel method

“…The M s of the samples increase with x first, and achieve to the maximum of 29.8 emu/g at x¼0.3, then decreased. This result is consistent with the previous research prepared by the conventional solid state reaction method [29]. In view of the fact that the magnetic moments at a-, d-and c-sub-lattices are mutually coupled in antiferromagnetic modes in the YIG-based ferrites.…”

“…The M s of YIG without substitution prepared by the sol-gel method at 1080°C has been very close to the theoretical value. The M s of the samples with x o0.5 sintered at 1080°C are much higher than the samples' prepared by the conventional solid state reaction method at 1350°C [27], and close to the samples' sintered at 1425°C [29].…”

“…Therefore, the average crystal sizes decrease with the substitution amount. On the other hand, the excessive doping of Ca 2 þ and Zr 4 þ ions may also cause the decrease in the average grain size [29].…”

“…(CaZr) x :YIG prepared by the conventional solid state reaction method have been research in elsewhere [27,29]. Compared with the properties of (CaZr) x :YIG prepared by the conventional solid state reaction method, the properties of (CaZr) x :YIG prepared by the sol-gel method are somewhat different.…”

“…So Ca 2 þ substitution can fairly affect the total magnetic moment. Zr 4 þ is inclined to occupy a-site, which causes the quantity of Fe 3 þ in a-site reducing and the net magnetic moment increase, thus M s strengthens [29]. So the M s is mainly adjusted by Zr 4 þ .…”