Effect of ZnO doping on the microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of 0.2CaTiO3-0.8(Li0.5Sm0.5)TiO3 ceramics

Enhanced high dielectric characteristics tri‐layered structural ceramics for 5G/6G communications

“…The mechanism of the effect is the same as that reported by Wang et al 51 . and Zhang et al 52 . It can be seen that the doping of Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ ions can stabilize the valence state of Ti, effectively inhibit the reduction of Ti 4+ ions, and reduce the generation of Ti 3+ ions, thus further enhancing the microwave dielectric properties of TiO 2 .…”

“…Templeton et al 53 further enhanced the microwave dielectric properties of TiO 2 by doping with Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ ions. The mechanism of the effect is the same as that reported by Wang et al 51 and Zhang et al 52 It can be seen that the doping of Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ ions can stabilize the valence state of Ti, effectively inhibit the reduction of Ti 4+ ions, and reduce the generation of Ti 3+ ions, thus further enhancing the microwave dielectric properties of TiO 2 . Therefore, Ti 3+ ions degrade the microwave dielectric characteristics of ZCZN-TO-ZCZN ceramics due to the reduction process generated by TiO 2 sintering in air.…”

“…On the basis of reaction (4) or ( 5), more oxygen vacancies will be generated in ZnO-or CuO-doped Ti-related oxide ceramics. These oxygen vacancies will restrain those 52 systematically investigated the effect of ZnO on the microwave dielectric properties of 0.2CaTiO 3 -0.8(Li 0.5 Sm 0.5 )TiO 3 ceramics. It was shown that the Q × f value of 0.2CaTiO 3 -0.8(Li 0.5 Sm 0.5 )TiO 3 ceramics increased with the increase of ZnO concentration.…”

“…It is demonstrated that the doping of Al 2 O 3 can stabilize the valence state of Ti, thus enhancing the microwave dielectric properties of 0.85CeO 2 –0.15TiO 2 ceramics. Zhang et al 52 . systematically investigated the effect of ZnO on the microwave dielectric properties of 0.2CaTiO 3 –0.8(Li 0.5 Sm 0.5 )TiO 3 ceramics.…”

Effect of composite methods on the phase transition and microwave performances of ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8–TiO2 system

“…Over the last few decades, microwave dielectric ceramics (MWDCs) have been steadily developed for various microwave components in commercial wireless commu-nication technology systems, such as filters, resonators, and antennas. [1][2][3][4][5] It is well known that in order to meet the practical application requirements of miniaturization, frequency selectivity, and high temperature stability of microwave devices, MWDCs need to have a relatively high dielectric constant (𝜀 r > 20), a high quality factor (Q×f, Q = 1∕tan𝛿), and a near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (𝜏 f = ±10ppm∕ • C). 6,7 Due to their excellent dielectric characteristics, AZrNb 2 O 8 (A = Co, Cu, Zn, Mg, Ni, and Mn) ceramics with monoclinic wolframite structure have recently gained popularity.…”