Effect of Yokukansan on sleep disturbance in a rat model of cerebrovascular dementia

Nagao, Masaki; Takasaki, Kotaro; Nogami, Ai; Hirai, Yuko; Moriyama, Hiroshi; Uchida, Naoki; Kubota, Kaori; Katsurabayashi, Shutaro; Mishima, Kenichi; Nishimura, Ryoji; Iwasaki, Katsunori

doi:10.1002/tkm2.1008

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Yokukansan has also been shown to reverse the shortening of sleep time induced by pentobarbital injection in socially isolated mice ( Egashira et al, 2011 ). Recently, using electroencephalography and electromyography, Nagao et al (2014) investigated the effect of oral administration of YKS on sleep disturbance in a rat model of cerebrovascular dementia. Rats with cerebral ischemia had a higher total wakefulness time and lower total non-rapid eye movement sleep, so it was concluded that sleep disturbances were ameliorated by YKS.…”

Section: Psychopharmacological Effects Of Yksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Psychopharmacological Effects of the Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine Yokukansan, and the Brain Regions it Affects

Mizoguchi

Ikarashi

2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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Yokukansan (YKS), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, has indications for use in night crying and irritability in children, as well as neurosis and insomnia. It is currently also used for the remedy of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), such as aggressiveness, agitation, and hallucinations. In parallel with clinical evidence, a significant amount of fundamental researches have been undertaken to clarify the neuropsychopharmacological efficacies of YKS, with approximately 70 articles, including our own, being published to date. Recently, we reviewed the neuropharmacological mechanisms of YKS, including its effects on glutamatergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic neurotransmission, and pharmacokinetics of the ingredients responsible for the effects. This review is aimed to integrate the information regarding the psychopharmacological effects of YKS with the brain regions known to be affected, to facilitate our understanding of the clinical efficacy of YKS. In this review, we first show that YKS has several effects that act to improve symptoms that are similar to BPSDs, like aggressiveness, hallucinations, anxiety, and sleep disturbance, as well as symptoms like tardive dyskinesia and cognitive deficits. We next provide the evidence showing that YKS can interact with various brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and spinal cord, dysfunctions of which are related to psychiatric symptoms, cognitive deficits, abnormal behaviors, and dysesthesia. In addition, the major active ingredients of YKS, geissoschizine methyl ether and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, are shown to predominantly bind to the frontal cortex and hippocampus, respectively. Our findings suggest that YKS has multiple psychopharmacological effects, and that these are probably mediated by interactions among several brain regions. In this review, we summarize the available information about the valuable effects of a multicomponent medicine YKS on complex neural networks.

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Section: Psychopharmacological Effects Of Yksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Psychopharmacological Effects of the Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine Yokukansan, and the Brain Regions it Affects

Mizoguchi

Ikarashi

2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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“… and Nagao et al . . Electrodes for EEG and EMG recording were implanted after the guide cannulas were implanted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative effect of sansoninto on sleep disturbance and spatial memory impairment in an Alzheimer's disease rat model

Moriyama

Watanabe

Takasaki

et al. 2017

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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Aim:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with a high incidence of sleep disturbance, and several studies have reported that sansoninto (SNT), a Kampo medicine, ameliorates sleep disturbance. The effects of SNT on sleep disturbance and spatial memory impairment, however, have not been investigated in animal models of AD, therefore the aim of the current study was to carry out these investigations using a rat AD model. Methods: Combined cerebral ischemia and intracerebroventricular injections of aggregated beta-amyloid were used to induce a rat model of AD. The quantity and quality of sleep in these rats were determined on electroencephalography and electromyography. Spatial memory impairment was examined using the water maze task. Triazolam, a hypnotic, and donepezil, approved for treating AD, were used as positive controls. Results: Compared with sham-operated rats, the AD model rats had decreased total non-rapid eye movement sleep time, more frequent nocturnal awakening in the light phase, and poorer quality of non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep on electroencephalography and electromyography. The AD rats also took longer than sham-operated rats to pass the platform area in the water maze retention test. Oral SNT 1000 mg/kg improved those impairments. Conclusion: SNT ameliorated not only the abnormal non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep structure but also the spatial memory impairment observed in a rat model of AD.

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“…Nagao et al . reported that cerebral ischemia induced longer total wakefulness time and shorter total non‐rapid eye movement (non‐REM) sleep time in rats during the light phase, while repeated treatment with YKS improved these changes, suggesting a positive effect of YKS on sleep disturbance . Finally, Ogawa et al .…”

Section: Behavioral Effectsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pharmacological effects of yokukansan on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

Egashira

Iwasaki

2019

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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Background Cognitive dysfunction is often accompanied by behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in patients with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of senile dementia. BPSD include agitation, aggression, and hallucinations. BPSD have a serious effect on the quality of life of dementia patients and their caregivers, but effective drug therapy for BPSD has not been identified as yet. Typical and atypical antipsychotics that are used for the treatment of BPSD are known to cause a variety of extrapyramidal adverse events. Yokukansan (YKS, Yi‐gan san in Chinese) is a Japanese traditional herbal (kampo) medicine that is used to alleviate night‐crying and irritation in children, as well as to treat neurosis and insomnia. It is currently also used to treat BPSD. Methods In this review, we summarize the pharmacological effects of YKS in the context of BPSD. Conclusion YKS is expected to be useful in treating and/or preventing BPSD.

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Effect of Yokukansan on sleep disturbance in a rat model of cerebrovascular dementia

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Multiple Psychopharmacological Effects of the Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine Yokukansan, and the Brain Regions it Affects

Multiple Psychopharmacological Effects of the Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine Yokukansan, and the Brain Regions it Affects

Ameliorative effect of sansoninto on sleep disturbance and spatial memory impairment in an Alzheimer's disease rat model

Pharmacological effects of yokukansan on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

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