Effect of welding speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded aluminum

Sakthivel, T.; Sengar, G. S.; Mukhopadhyay, J.

doi:10.1007/s00170-008-1727-7

Cited by 84 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…8. Aluminium alloys underwent structural changes during FSW at an elevated temperature [19,20]. In this study, the secondary heating and hardness distributions across the friction stir welded joints were determined experimentally.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hardness Variation Due to Secondary Heating in Friction Stir Welding of Small Diameter Aluminium Alloy 6063 Pipe

Ismail

Awang

Samsudin

et al. 2016

Machining, Joining and Modifications of Advanced Materials

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Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state joining process which utilizes the frictional heat of a high speed rotating tool to soften the adjoining sections and stirred/joined them together as one part without filler. In the FSW of pipe joining, a tool rotating at high speeds will start and stop at the same point in order to complete full weld cycle. The FSW of a small diameter pipe can cause secondary heating to occur at the start and stop point. Several pipe samples of 89 mm outside the diameter were prepared based on several specified welding parameters at a stationary position and completed the weld cycle. The Bridgeport 2216 CNC Milling Machine and a customised orbital clamping unit (OCU) were fully utilized for the sample's preparation. This present study analysed the variation in hardness due to secondary heating for a small pipe diameter. The hardness varies between 18.7 HRB minimum to 33.6 HRB maximum, yielding to lower value due to this condition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hardness Variation Due to Secondary Heating in Friction Stir Welding of Small Diameter Aluminium Alloy 6063 Pipe

Ismail

Awang

Samsudin

et al. 2016

Machining, Joining and Modifications of Advanced Materials

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show abstract

“…The hardness ranges between 35 HRB and 40.6 HRB. The surface under the tool pin (weld center) gave the lowest hardness reading due to stirring of pin tool which caused excessive turbulence, giving different plastic deformation degrees and temperatures [4][5]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FSW is suited for flat panel and tubular shape due to advancement of the technology nowadays. Many researches were conducted on flat panels but a few established for tubular shape such as pipe [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] for various studies including micro-hardness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Hardness of Friction Stir Welded AA6063 Pipe

Ismail

Awang

2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The external surface hardness of friction stir welded aluminum alloy 6063 pipe joint was investigated in this paper. The 89mm of outside diameter pipe with 5mm of wall thickness was used as test pipe piece for this experiment on closed butt joint configuration by utilising Bridgeport 2216 CNC milling machine and orbital clamping unit specially designed to cater for this task and function. Several welded samples were produced on varying process parameters which were successfully joined by using a non-consumable tool with a flat shoulder and a cylindrical pin.

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“…Furthermore, under suitable process conditions, FSW can allow the obtaining of a microstructure able to provide mechanical properties much higher than those of most fusion welding processes and formability levels so high that post-welding forming processes of welded blanks can be performed. Because of these advantages, FSW can be very useful both in joining materials with poor weldability or that are un-weldable, such as aluminium and magnesium alloys, and in the obtaining of joints characterised by high efficiency [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Process Parameters on the Vertical Forces Generated during Friction Stir Welding of AA6082-T6 and on the Mechanical Properties of the Joints

Forcellese

Simoncini

Casalino

2017

Metals

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Abstract:The influence of the process parameters on the vertical force generated during friction stir welding of AA6082-T6 aluminium alloy sheet blanks was studied by performing experiments with constant values of the rotational speed, varying between 1200 and 2500 rpm, and welding speed, ranging between 30 and 100 mm/min. The effect of the tool dwelling was also analysed. The force vs. processing time curve has shown a very complex behaviour during the lowering motion of the pin tool related to the occurrence of both primary and secondary plunging. The tool dwelling produces a quick decrease in the vertical force with growing processing time until reaching a constant value. It was also seen that the tool dwelling does not influence the vertical force in the subsequent stage. As the tool began its welding motion, the vertical force immediately gets to a constant value until tool pulling out takes place. Furthermore, it was shown that the growth in the welding speed and the decrease in the rotational speed lead to an increase in the vertical force. The mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated versus the process parameters and the relationships among the ultimate tensile strength and ultimate elongation and the vertical force were defined. Finally, the microstructure developed during the friction stir welding was investigated and related to the mechanical properties of the joints.

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Effect of welding speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded aluminum

Cited by 84 publications

References 9 publications

The Hardness Variation Due to Secondary Heating in Friction Stir Welding of Small Diameter Aluminium Alloy 6063 Pipe

The Hardness Variation Due to Secondary Heating in Friction Stir Welding of Small Diameter Aluminium Alloy 6063 Pipe

Surface Hardness of Friction Stir Welded AA6063 Pipe

Influence of Process Parameters on the Vertical Forces Generated during Friction Stir Welding of AA6082-T6 and on the Mechanical Properties of the Joints

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