Effect of Water on the Viscosity Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Solution in Dimethylsulfoxide

Liu, Cheng; Ouyang, Qin; Wang, Haojing

doi:10.1080/00222340902841198

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The type of solvent used affects the viscosity of the polymer solution . The solution viscosity determines its flow behaviour, sol‐gel transition, and spinnability.…”

Section: Preparation Of Polymer Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Producing high‐quality precursor polymer and fibers to achieve theoretical strength in carbon fibers: A review

Kaur

Millington

Smith

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The precursor fiber quality has a large impact on carbon fiber processing in terms of its performance, production yield, and cost. Polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers have been used commercially to produce strong carbon fibers with average tensile strength of 6.6 GPa. There is a scope to improve the average tensile strength of carbon fibers, since only 10% of their theoretical strength has been achieved thus far. Most attempts to increase the tensile strength of carbon fibers have been made during the conversion of precursor fiber to carbon fiber. This review highlights the potential opportunities to enhance the quality of the polyacrylonitrile-based precursor fiber during polymer synthesis, spinning, and postspinning. These high-quality precursor fibers can lead to new generation carbon fibers with improved tensile strength for high-performance applications.

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“…The type of solvent used affects the viscosity of the polymer solution . The solution viscosity determines its flow behaviour, sol‐gel transition, and spinnability.…”

Section: Preparation Of Polymer Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such high concentration of 28% w/w is not possible with DMSO . Nonsolvents such as water have also been used in a definite ratio with an organic solvent (DMSO, DMF) to prepare PAN solutions in order to reduce their viscosity and make spinnable solutions …”

Section: Preparation Of Polymer Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Producing high‐quality precursor polymer and fibers to achieve theoretical strength in carbon fibers: A review

Kaur

Millington

Smith

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…Conversely, nonsolvents, such as water, have been used to delay the coagulation rate by reducing the rate of outflow and nonsolvent inflow in a rheological and thermodynamic manner [ 52 , 57 , 58 ]. The addition of a nonsolvent also causes rheological behavioral changes, including gel formation [ 57 , 58 , 59 ]. Figure 5 demonstrates the reduced intrinsic viscosity (η) and increased peak temperatures for PAN/DMSO solutions with higher water content [ 60 ].…”

Section: Spinning Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Materials and Processes for Strong Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fibers

2021

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Although polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers have been successfully commercialized owing to their excellent material properties, their actual mechanical performance is still much lower than the theoretical values. Meanwhile, there is a growing demand for the use of superior carbon fibers. As such, many studies have been conducted to improve the mechanical performance of carbon fibers. Among the various approaches, designing a strong precursor fiber with a well-developed microstructure and morphology can constitute the most effective strategy to achieve superior performance. In this review, the efforts used to modulate materials, processing, and additives to deliver strong precursor fibers were thoroughly investigated. Our work demonstrates that the design of materials and processes is a fruitful pathway for the enhancement of the mechanical performance of carbon fibers.

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“…Water plays a crucial role as a nonsolvent that induces coagulation in the PAN (and copolymer) wet-spinning process. In the literature studies, the addition of a substantial amount of water has been intended to delay the coagulation rate by reducing solvent exchange rates. − Meanwhile, a large amount of water in the dope contributes to the gel formation. − As such, the optimum content of water needs to be determined to have the best mechanical properties by reducing void structure. In fact, it is not easy to achieve excellent mechanical performances with high content of water because the voids and flaws are made by uncontrolled phase separation during the coagulation process …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisturized Polyacrylonitrile Copolymer for Stronger Precursor Fibers

Ahn

Kim

Yang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Polyacrylonitrile–methyl acrylate (PAN–MA) copolymers have been used as precursor materials for carbon fibers due to their excellent properties for developing carbonaceous microstructures during thermal treatment. High electron density in the acrylate part of the MA polymer is mainly responsible for the hygroscopicity of the copolymer. Adsorbed water can affect microstructures and material properties of precursor fibers. This study investigated the role of adsorbed water in precursor fibers prepared by conventional and electrochemical wet-spinning processes. Although the molecular structures and rheological properties of the spinning dope were hardly changed, voids, which are one of the most critical fracture-inducing defects, were minimized by improved electrostatic interactions due to absorbed water. Consequently, the strength of the precursor fibers was the greatest at an adsorbed water content of 0.5 wt % in conventionally wet-spun fibers and 1.0 wt % in the electrochemically wet-spun fibers. The adsorbed water improved the electron distribution of the raw and demethylated MA and improved the intermolecular interactions between the electron-poor hydrocarbon side and the electron-rich electronegative side. Thus, it is clear that the optimum amount of adsorbed water plays a beneficial role to improve limitedly the mechanical performance of precursor fibers.

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Effect of Water on the Viscosity Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Solution in Dimethylsulfoxide

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Producing high‐quality precursor polymer and fibers to achieve theoretical strength in carbon fibers: A review

Producing high‐quality precursor polymer and fibers to achieve theoretical strength in carbon fibers: A review

Designing Materials and Processes for Strong Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fibers

Moisturized Polyacrylonitrile Copolymer for Stronger Precursor Fibers

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