Designing Materials and Processes for Strong Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fibers

Ahn, Hyeong Sik; Yeo, Sang Young; Lee, Byoung‐Sun

doi:10.3390/polym13172863

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…In addition, various copolymers, including acids, are used for stability in oxidation and carbonization processes, and MA and itaconic acid (IA) are used in the manufacturing of commercial carbon fibers [9]. Such copolymers are indispensable in the production of carbon fibers but do affect their structural properties, and their effects on various additives can be seen in the precursor fiber stage [10]. Materials, such as lignin and cellulose have been introduced in the interest of eco-friendliness and cost reduction, and various studies have been conducted on the effect of these additives [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P (AN-MA) copolymer is typically manufactured with 3-6 wt.% MA. The processability typically improves with increasing MA, but the mechanical properties are adversely affected; therefore, an MA content higher than 6 wt.% is not recommended [10]. The limitations of carbon fiber made of P (AN-MA) copolymer pose obstacles to it being commercially mass-produced; however, it is actively used in research on the theoretical strength and mechanical properties of carbon fiber [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure Analysis of Drawing Effect and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fiber According to Molecular Weight

et al. 2022

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Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber is the most widely used carbon fiber precursor, and methyl acrylate (MA) copolymer is widely used for research and commercial purposes. The properties of P (AN-MA) fibers improve increasingly as the molecular weight increases, but high-molecular-weight materials have some limitations with respect to the manufacturing process. In this study, P (AN-MA) precursor fibers of different molecular weights were prepared and analyzed to identify an efficient carbon fiber precursor manufacturing process. The effects of the molecular weight of P (AN-MA) on its crystallinity and void structure were examined, and precursor fiber content and process optimizations with respect to molecular weight were conducted. The mechanical properties of high-molecular-weight P (AN-MA) were good, but the internal structure of the high-molecular-weight material was not the best because of differences in molecular entanglement and mobility. The structural advantages of a relatively low molecular weight were confirmed. The findings of this study can help in the manufacturing of precursor fibers and carbon fibers with improved properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Analysis of Drawing Effect and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fiber According to Molecular Weight

et al. 2022

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“…A high-quality WF with strong tensile properties requires a strong orientation along the fiber axis, high crystallinity, minimal voids, and a circular cross-section [13,14]. Drawing the fiber during the coagulation process (i.e., jet stretch) and after coagulation (i.e., postdraw stretch) are important processing conditions for tailoring these properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Transverse Compressive Modulus of Carbon Fibers during Wet Spinning of Polyacrylonitrile

Wong

Hillbrick

Kaur

et al. 2022

Fibers

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The performance of carbon fibers depends on the properties of the precursor polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. Stretching of PAN fibers results in improved tensile properties, while potentially reducing its compressive properties. To determine optimization trade-offs, the effect of coagulation conditions and the stretching process on the compressive modulus in the transverse direction (ET) was investigated. A method for accurately determining ET from polymer fibers with non-circular cross-sectional shapes is presented. X-ray diffraction was used to measure the crystallite size, crystallinity, and crystallite orientation of the fibers. ET was found to increase with decreasing crystallite orientation along the drawing direction, which decreases the tensile modulus in the longitudinal direction (EL) proportionally to crystallite orientation. Stretching resulted in greater crystallite orientation along the drawing direction for fibers formed under the same coagulation conditions. Increasing the solvent concentration in the coagulation bath resulted in a higher average orientation, but reduced the impact of stretching on the orientation. The relationship between ET and EL observed in the precursor PAN fiber is retained after carbonization, with a 20% increase in ET achieved for a 2% decrease in EL. This indicates that controlled stretching of PAN fiber allows for highly efficient trading off of EL for ET in carbon fiber.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] ACFs possess narrowly distributed stomata along the outer surface toward the interior, which own higher adsorption-desorption kinetics and lower diffusion resistance than other powdered or granular-activated carbon substances. [7,8] Generally, the organic precursor for ACFs mainly includes polyacrylonitrile fibers, [9,10] nitrile fibers, [11] asphalt fibers, [12,13] viscose fibers [14,15] and phenolic fibers. [16][17][18] Among them, viscose fibers have become the most popular organic precursor material for the preparation of ACFs due to the low price and abundant resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine Viscose‐Based Active Carbon Fibers for Iodide‐Ion Adsorption and Supercapacitors

Cai

Zeng

et al. 2022

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Active carbon fibers (ACFs) with a large specific surface area (SSA) have received widespread attention in various fields, such as environmental treatment and energy storage. Herein, ultrafine viscose‐based active carbon fibers (UVACFs) with large SSAs and micropores are successfully prepared via stabilization, carbonization, and CO2 activation using ultrafine viscose fibers (UVFs) as precursors. The microporous structure and SSA of UVACFs are adjusted by the activation temperature and the morphology and structure are characterized by a scanning electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption/desorption. As a result, the SSA of UVACFs can reach 591.58 m2 g−1 with the main pore size of 0.52 nm under activation temperature of 900 °C. The adsorption capacity of UVACFs‐900 for iodide ions is as high as 830.3 mg g−1, which is the highest one among reported ACFs. It is attributed to the fact that the pore size of as‐prepared UVACFs is close to the hydration radius of iodide ions (0.335 nm). Moreover, NiCo2O4 is grown uniformly on UVACFs by the hydrothermal method, which shows high capacitance of 2693.3 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and excellent cycling stability with 94.5% capacity retention after 3000 cycles (10 A g−1).

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Designing Materials and Processes for Strong Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fibers

Cited by 14 publications

References 133 publications

Microstructure Analysis of Drawing Effect and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fiber According to Molecular Weight

Microstructure Analysis of Drawing Effect and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fiber According to Molecular Weight

Improving Transverse Compressive Modulus of Carbon Fibers during Wet Spinning of Polyacrylonitrile

Ultrafine Viscose‐Based Active Carbon Fibers for Iodide‐Ion Adsorption and Supercapacitors

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