Effect of water content of ethylene glycol as electrolyte for synthesis of ordered titania nanotubes

Raja, Krishnan S.; Gandhi, T.; Misra, M.

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2006.12.024

Cited by 208 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It can be intuitively inferred that water, being the main source of oxygen [24], will enhance the growth rate (rg) of the oxide, but evidence presented here as well as elsewhere [20,25] rebuts intuition. This behaviour can be explained in the same way non thickness limited oxide growth occurs on other valve metals [26].…”

Section: Effect Of Initial Water Content (W)-mentioning

confidence: 54%

Empirical kinetics for the growth of titania nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol

et al. 2016

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Section: Effect Of Initial Water Content (W)-mentioning

confidence: 54%

Empirical kinetics for the growth of titania nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol

et al. 2016

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“…Extensive work has been performed on optimizing anodization conditions and evaluate the influence of parameters such as pH, water content, fluoride content, or anodization voltage on the feasibility to form tubes and the influence on the resulting geometry [16][17][18][19][20][21]. The majority of these efforts used static electrolytes or electrolytes agitated under not well defined conditions such as magnetic stirring [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of anodic TiO2 nanotube or nanosponge morphology determined by the electrolyte hydrodynamic conditions

Sánchez-Tovar

Lee

Garcı́a-Antón

et al. 2013

Electrochemistry Communications

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ElsevierSánchez Tovar, R.; Lee, K.; García Antón, J.; Schmuki, P. (2013) AbstractThe present work studies the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the growth of anodic TiO 2 nanostructures on Ti in a glycerol/water/NH 4 F electrolyte. Parameter screening for fluoride content, anodization voltage and rotation rate (Reynolds number) of a rotating anode showed that two distinctly different TiO 2 morphologies could be obtained: the classic ordered nanotubes or a nanoscale sponge layer. We present conditions for TiO 2 sponge formation and growth to several m thickness, and show that in specific cases sponge layers can be superior to tube morphologies, as illustrated for photoelectrochemical water-splitting under standard AM 1.5 conditions.

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“…According to Raja et al, 40 anodic growth of nanotubes in EG can be explained by the balance between oxide formation and oxide dissolution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness Dependence of Size and Arrangement in Anodic TiO₂Nanotubes

Kim¹,

Lee²,

Choi³

2011

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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The degree of self-assembly and the size variation of nanotubular structures in anodic titanium oxide prepared by the anodization of titanium in ethylene glycol containing 0.25 wt % NH4F at 40 V were investigated as a function of anodization time. We found that the degree of self-assembly and the size of the nanotubes were strongly dependent on thickness deviation and thus indirectly on anodization time, as the thickness deviation was caused by the dissolution of the topmost tubular structures at local areas during long anodization. A large deviation in thickness led to a large deviation in the size and number of nanotubes per unit area. The dissolution primarily occurred at the bottoms of the nanotubes (Dbottom) in the initial stage of anodization (up to 6 h), which led to the growth of nanotubes. Dissolution at the tops (Dtop) was accompanied by Dbottom after the formed structures contacted the electrolyte after 12 h, generating the thickness deviation. After extremely long anodization (here, 70 h), Dtop was the dominant mode due to increase in pH, meaning that there was insufficient driving force to overcome the size distribution of nanotubes at the bottom. Thus, the nanotube array became disorder in this regime.

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Effect of water content of ethylene glycol as electrolyte for synthesis of ordered titania nanotubes

Cited by 208 publications

References 30 publications

Empirical kinetics for the growth of titania nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol

Empirical kinetics for the growth of titania nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol

Formation of anodic TiO2 nanotube or nanosponge morphology determined by the electrolyte hydrodynamic conditions

Thickness Dependence of Size and Arrangement in Anodic TiO₂Nanotubes

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Effect of water content of ethylene glycol as electrolyte for synthesis of ordered titania nanotubes

Cited by 208 publications

References 30 publications

Empirical kinetics for the growth of titania nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol

Empirical kinetics for the growth of titania nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol

Formation of anodic TiO2 nanotube or nanosponge morphology determined by the electrolyte hydrodynamic conditions

Thickness Dependence of Size and Arrangement in Anodic TiO2Nanotubes

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Thickness Dependence of Size and Arrangement in Anodic TiO₂Nanotubes