Effect of Vitamin E and Vitamin C Supplementation on Antioxidative State and Renal Glomerular Basement Membrane Thickness in Diabetic Kidney

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of vitamins C and E on malondialdehyde (MDA) content and activities of key antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) as well as glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickness in streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney in rats. Wistar male rats were divided into following groups (12 rats each): the control, diabetic rats, diabetic rats whose drinking water was supplemented with vitamin C in a dose of 1.0 g/l or diet was supplemented with 200 mg of vitamin E/100 g fodder. Body weight, blood glucose and HbA1C levels and 24-hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were studied every week (0–12 weeks). After 6 and 12 weeks, MDA content and activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px were measured in the kidney homogenate supernatants. Electron micrographs of glomeruli were scanned and morphometric investigations were performed by means of computer image analysis system to compare GBM thickness. The blood glucose and HbA1C concentrations and UAE in diabetic rats were significantly higher than in the control group. An increase in the MDA level and decrease in the SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities in the kidney of diabetic rats were observed after 6 and 12 weeks of experiment. Administration of vitamins C and E did not affect body weight, blood glucose and HbA1C levels. Both vitamin C and vitamin E decreased lipid peroxidation and augmented the activities of antioxidant enzymes studied in the kidneys of diabetic rats as well as reduced UAE, decreased kidney weight and GBM thickness. The results indicate the potential utility of antioxidant vitamins in the protection against the development of diabetic nephropathy.

The Effects of Exercise and Antioxidant on Klotho Gene Expression During Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Cardiac Tissue

“…As regard to study the effect of vitamin E treatment on HFD induced oxidative stress. As our study showed that treatment with vitamin E for 8weeks didn't result in significant change in the body weight of the antioxidant group (group IV) compared to the positive control group (group IIb) as showed in (table 2) .This is in agreement with Kedziora-Kornatowska et al, [47] as they revealed that administration of vitamins C and E did not affect body weight of diabetic rats. However, in the same group, the insulin resistance was significantly improved manifested by significant decrease (p <0.05) in serum glucose levels, HOMA-IR (p <0.05 ) and decrease in serum insulin level(although statistically nonsignificant) as showed in (table 2),and these results are in agreement with Manning et al [48] as they reported that vitamin E improved insulin sensitivity and the associated features of insulin resistance in overweight individuals and they explained that the mechanisms of the improvement in insulin resistance were by decreasing cellular oxidative stress, altering membrane properties, and decreasing inflammatory activity.…”

Effect of Astaxanthin in Combination with .ALPHA.-Tocopherol or Ascorbic Acid against Oxidative Damage in Diabetic ODS Rats

“…The presence of excessive oxidative stress in the glomeruli of diabetic rats is implicated in the mesangial expression of the extracellular matrix and renal dysfunction, such as increased glomerular filtration, albuminuria, and glomerulosclerosis (14,28,29). Moreover, increased urinary albumin excretion and tissue 8-OHdG in the kidney were observed simultaneously in the STZ-diabetic rats (26).…”

Plant-Derived Agents with Anti-Glycation Activity

“…Similarly, a combination of vitamins E and C administered for 12 weeks decreased lipid peroxidation and augmented the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the kidneys of stretozotocin diabetic rats. The treatment also reduced urinary albumin excretion, decreased kidney weight and reduced the thickness of the glomerular basement membrane [187]. Tocotrienol, a component of vitamin E that may accumulate more effectively in membranes than α-tocopherol [188], was shown to ameliorate experimental nephropathy in STZ-diabetic rats [189].…”