Effect of vitamin B12 on cleft palate induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and dexamethasone in mice

Abstract

Abstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin B 12 on palatal development by co-administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and dexamethasone (DEX). We examined the morphological and histological features of the palatal shelf and expression levels of key signaling molecules (transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) and TGF-β type I receptor (activin receptor-like kinase 5, ALK5)) during palatogenesis among a control group (Group A), TCDD+DEX exposed group (Group B), and TCDD+DEX+vitamin B 12 exposed group (Group C). While we failed to find that vitamin B 12 decreased the incidence of cleft palate induced by TCDD+DEX treatment, the expression levels of key signaling molecules (TGF-β3 and ALK5) during palatogenesis were significantly modulated. In TCDD+DEX exposed and TCDD+DEX+vitamin B 12 exposed groups, palatal shelves could not contact in the midline due to their small sizes. Our results suggest that vitamin B 12 may inhibit the expression of some cleft palate inducers such as TGF-β3 and ALK5 in DEX+TCDD exposed mice, which may be beneficial against palatogenesis to some degree, even though we were unable to observe a protective role of vitamin B 12 in morphological and histological alterations of palatal shelves induced by DEX and TCDD.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin and TGF-β3 Mediated-Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchymal Cells

“… 27 The combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3 also promoted MEPM cell proliferation, but the rate of cell viability was between TCDD and TGF-β3 treated alone, which might be consistent with TGF-β3 as an effective antidote to dioxin-induced MEPM cells. 28 This phenomenon was same as the effect of motilities in MEPM cells by 10 nM TCDD, 10 ng/mL TGF-β3, or combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin inhibited the MEPM cell motility, which concurred with the fact that TCDD-mediated the inhibition of MCF-7 cell migration.…”

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and TGFβ3-Mediated Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchymal Cells

“…27 The combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3 also promoted MEPM cell proliferation, but the rate of cell viability was between that of TCDD or TGF-β3 treated alone, which might be consistent with TGF-β3 as an effective antidote to dioxin-induced MEPM cells. 28 This phenomenon was same as the effect of motilities in MEPM cells by 10 nM TCDD, 10 ng/mL TGF-β3 , or a combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3 . TCDD inhibited the MEPM cell motility, which concurred with TCDD-mediated the inhibition of MCF-7 cell motility.…”

Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Water Use of Precocious Walnuts

“…Water use efficiency is a value reflecting of water use capabilities. A previous study has shown that water use efficiency decreased with increasing water stress [14]. A study on Shepherdia argentea and Hippophae rhamnoides suggested, water use efficiency and soil moisture contents were cubic-curve related.…”