Effect of vision, proprioception, and the position of the vestibular organ on postural sway

Abstract

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Variations of cervical lordosis and head alignment after pedicle subtraction osteotomy surgery for sagittal imbalance

“…All these findings confirm the hypothesis that the increased cervical lordosis (compensating for the forward bending position of the sagittally imbalanced trunk) is reverted by corrective surgery performed at the thoracic or lumbar spine; most of the variation takes place at the lower cervical spine. These results are similar to those found by Ha et al [14]. Since our patients had a mean preoperative SVA of 8.5 mm, they can be considered as part of a population with a ''high preoperative SVA'', as defined by Ha et al in their paper.…”

“…The fact that the head preserves its neutral position has two different consequences: the first is to maintain a horizontal gaze that is useful to observe the surrounding environment and correctly interact with it, as for walking, eating or working; the second is to keep the vestibular organs in a correct position. This is fundamental for the equilibrium of the patients and for their perception of their physical environment [14].…”

A longitudinal study of balance in migraineurs

“…All four conditions were tested with four different head positions: head straight, head back, and head rotated sideways to the right or left. The rationale of the different head positions was that turning the head sideways would modify cervical proprioception without altering vestibular-otolithic input, whereas head backwards would modify both and would be the most challenging [11][12][13][14]. Subjects were asked to stand upright, as still as possible, with their arms by their sides and their feet 25 cm apart.…”

Correlation of Static and Dynamic Balance With Knee Proprioception in Normals

“…Thus, it has been proposed that while vision is not absolutely necessary for normal stance, it does actively contribute to static balance control [9]. According to Eva Hansson et al, vision seems to affect static balance the most, then proprioception and lastly vestibular system [10]. While in case of dynamic balance, adults tend to rely more on somatosensory inputs depending on the contact surface (Shumway Cook et al).…”