Effect of viscosity on the far-field diffraction pattern of spatial self-phase modulation

Nibu, A. G.; Silpa, S. S.; Ardra, S. N.; Anisha, M. M.; Ambika, D.

doi:10.5277/oa170408

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…19,40 The total refractive index of the material is given as n = n 0 + n 2 I, Δn = n 2 I(r,z) represents the intensity-dependent changes in the refractive index, where n 0 and n 2 are the linear refractive index and NLR index of the material, respectively, and I(r,z) represents the spatially distributed incident intensity. 2,9 The output electric field having a radial component through the molecules for the input incident electric field will be 21,43,44 = i k j j j j y { z z z z ( )…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process by which the interaction of light and material induces a variation in the refractive index of the material by the nonlinear Kerr effect, which results in diffraction ring patterns at the far fields, is known as SSPM. , The total refractive index of the material is given as n = n 0 + n 2 I , Δ n = n 2 I ( r , z ) represents the intensity-dependent changes in the refractive index, where n 0 and n 2 are the linear refractive index and NLR index of the material, respectively, and I ( r , z ) represents the spatially distributed incident intensity. , The output electric field having a radial component through the molecules for the input incident electric field will be ,, E ( z , r ) = E ( z , 0 ) e true( true − r 2 ω 2 ( z ) true) e true( − α L 2 true) e − i normalΨ ( z , r ) where E ( z ,0) denotes the amplitude of the input incident electric field, and ω( z ) represents the beam radius at different z positions. The phase shift Ψ( z , r ) is given by normalΨ ( z , r ) = Ψ L ( z , r ) + Ψ normalN normalL ( z , r ) where Ψ L ( z , r ) and Ψ NL ( z , r ) are the linear and nonlinear phase shifts, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harnessing Coherent Light–Matter Interactions for All-Optical Switching and Logic Gate Applications with Macrocyclic Phthalocyanines

Nayak,

Ahmed,

Murali

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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The phase modulation exhibited by the coherent interaction of an intense light as it propagates through a nonlinear optical material, imparting a considerable nonlinear phase shift on another weak light field as they cross each other in the same medium, can be potentially exploited for all-optical switching applications. In this study, we implement this coherent light−matter interaction in π-conjugated organic molecules-based phthalocyanine (Pc) derivatives, namely, one free-base and two metalated (Cu and Zn) phthalocyanine macrocyclic complexes, namely FbPc, CuPc, and ZnPc, respectively. Various nonlinear optical (NLO) parameters are estimated by employing the spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) technique by considering the variation of the number of diffraction rings formed at a far field with different input excitation intensities for these molecules in both solution and thin films. The estimated range of values for nonlinear refractive index (n 2 ) and third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ (3) ) are ∼(1.46−11.13) × 10 −5 cm 2 /W and ∼(2.53−20.3) 10 −3 esu, respectively. Among all samples, CuPc exhibited the highest NLO response. Using cross-phase modulation (XPM), a combination of intense light and weak light of different wavelengths propagating through these materials, we demonstrated alloptical switching and OR-logic optical gate applications. These complex light−matter interactions show an emerging window for logic gates and all-optical switching applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Coherent Light–Matter Interactions for All-Optical Switching and Logic Gate Applications with Macrocyclic Phthalocyanines

Nayak,

Ahmed,

Murali

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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Thermal and non-thermal intensity dependent optical nonlinearities in ethanol at 800 nm, 1480 nm, and 1560 nm

et al. 2021

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Intensity dependent self-action of a continuous wave (CW) or pulsed optical beam can lead to spatial or spectral effects upon propagation through a nonlinear medium, which can be described as an intensity dependence of the refractive index, known as self-phase modulation (SPM). In this work, we revisit the nonlinear optical propagation of a CW and a CW mode-locked (CW-ML) high repetition rate [ ∼ megahertz (MHz)] laser propagating through pure ethanol in regions of very low optical absorption (800 nm) or very high absorption (1480 nm, 1560 nm). Spatial and spectral SPM and Z -scan experiments were performed to clarify the origin of the third-order nonlinear optical response in the different optical excitation regimes. From spatial SPM and Z -scan at either CW or CW-ML MHz regime, a thermal nonlinear response was determined to be the origin of the nonlinearity at 800 nm or 1480 nm, 1560 nm region, with the nonlinear refractive index response of the order of 10 − 4 − 10 − 9 c m 2 / W . From the spectral SPM, the non-thermal origin of the nonlinearity, arising from electronic or nuclear processes in the ethanol, was determined, and values of the order of 10 − 13 − 10 − 16 c m 2 / W were obtained, depending upon the spectral region. The results were supported by theoretical calculations using the nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the spectral behavior or Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral for the spatial results and clarify some of the misinterpreted results reported in the literature, besides complementing other nonlinear refraction data available at different wavelengths from 355 nm to 1560 nm.

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All-optical information conversion in Rb vapor based on the spatial cross-phase modulation

Wang¹,

Yuan²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Opt. Express

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All-optical information conversion, conveying optical signals without electro-optical transformation, plays a vital role in the all-optical devices and optical communication. We achieve the all-optical information conversion in Rb vapor by utilizing the spatial cross-phase modulation. The refractive index of atomic medium is spatially modulated by the strong switch laser beam, which makes it as a nonlinear focusing lens for the weak signal laser beam. As a result, the far-field diffraction ring patterns of the signal laser beam interacted with atoms can effectively carry the nonlinear phase shift information of the switch laser beam. The channel numbers, channel capacities and channel storage densities of information transmission from switch laser beam to signal laser beam are investigated in the terms of switch laser intensity and vapor temperature. Finally, a special “sxu” alphabetic string, encoded by ASCII code, is introduced to verify this all-optical information conversion scheme. This work paves the way for studying optical information processing and all-optical networking with atomic ensembles.

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Effect of viscosity on the far-field diffraction pattern of spatial self-phase modulation

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Harnessing Coherent Light–Matter Interactions for All-Optical Switching and Logic Gate Applications with Macrocyclic Phthalocyanines

Harnessing Coherent Light–Matter Interactions for All-Optical Switching and Logic Gate Applications with Macrocyclic Phthalocyanines

Thermal and non-thermal intensity dependent optical nonlinearities in ethanol at 800 nm, 1480 nm, and 1560 nm

All-optical information conversion in Rb vapor based on the spatial cross-phase modulation

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