Effect of varying ruminally degradable to ruminally undegradable protein ratio on nutrient intake, digestibility and N metabolism in Nili Ravi buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis)

Sultan, Javed; Javaid, Asif; Nadeem, Mubashar; Akhtar, Maqsood; Mustafa, M. I.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2008.08.004

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Total tract DM and OM digestibility were not affected by increased levels of RDP, which was also observed in an experiment in which dairy heifers were fed high-forage diets (65% forage) with differing levels of degradable protein (60% and 65% RDP; Gabler and Heinrichs, 2003). However, others have reported contradicting results; Griswold et al (2003) observed increased DM and OM digestibility as ration RDP increased, and the reverse effect was reported by Sultan et al (2009). Variable effects of supplemental RDP on forage digestion may be due to variable fiber digestibility of forages utilized.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of precision feeding high- and low-quality forage with different rumen protein degradability levels on nutrient utilization by dairy heifers1

Ding

Lascano

Heinrichs

2015

Journal of Animal Science

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One approach to improving efficiency of protein and nitrogen use for optimal productivity in dairy heifers is to provide adequate levels of protein with differing rumen degradabilities. The objective of this experiment was to determine effects of manipulating RDP in diets of dairy heifers precision fed low- and high-quality forage. Eight rumen-cannulated Holstein heifers (448 ± 19 kg BW) were randomly used and assigned to an 85% forage diet with 2 forage qualities, low quality (LQ, 48% NDF) and high quality (HQ, 38% NDF), and to 4 RDP levels (62%, 68%, 74%, and 81% of CP as RDP) within forage quality administered according to a split-plot two 4 × 4 Latin square design (20-d periods). Similar N intake was provided (1.70 g N/kg BW0.75), and alterations of RDP levels were made by exchanging canola meal with heat-treated soy protein with slow-release urea. Heifers offered the HQ diet had greater apparent total tract DM and OM digestibilities than those fed the LQ diet. Apparent N digestibility tended to be higher for the HQ diet but was not affected by the levels of RDP in diets. No difference was observed for rumen VFA concentration between forage treatments, but acetate to propionate ratio was higher for LQ-fed heifers. No difference in rumen carbohydrate fermentation was detected with increasing levels of RDP. Feeding HQ forage improved DM, OM, and N apparent digestibility. Increasing RDP in LQ and HQ had no effects on apparent digestibility of any measured parameter or N dynamics in dairy heifers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of precision feeding high- and low-quality forage with different rumen protein degradability levels on nutrient utilization by dairy heifers1

Ding

Lascano

Heinrichs

2015

Journal of Animal Science

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“…The increased proportion of slow‐release urea in the ration resulted in higher levels of rumen degradable protein, which promoted higher rumen microbial activity and proliferation, and increased DM digestibility and intake (Westwood, Lean, Garvin, & Wynn, ). Previous studies showed higher DMI in calves with 70% rumen degradable protein diet (Sultan, Javaid, Nadeem, Akhtar, & Mustafa, ), which is similar to the present rations of U 1 and U 1.5 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of supplemental dietary slow‐release urea on growth performance and physiological status of dairy heifers

Zhang

Qiu

Shang

et al. 2018

Animal Science Journal

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We examined the effect of supplemental dietary slow-release urea on the growth performance and physiological status of 16 dairy Holstein heifers (10 months of age, 322 ± 10 kg). The heifers were offered a formulated isocaloric and isonitrogenous 70:30 roughage : concentrate ration and were assigned randomly to one of four levels of slow-release urea supplementation (0% [U ], 1% [U ], 1.5% [U ] and 2% [U ] dry matter [DM]). The total study lasted 95 days, which included a 20 days adaptation period. Dry matter intake (DMI) of U was lower than the intakes of U and U (p < .05), while average daily gains (ADG) of U and U were higher than U and U (p < .05). Rumen volatile fatty acids concentration did not differ among the four treatments, while ammonia nitrogen concentration increased with an increase in urea level (p < .05). Serum blood urea nitrogen concentration was lower in U than in U and U while serum free fatty acids concentration in U was higher than in the other three treatments (p < .05). We concluded that the addition of urea at a level of 1.5 to 2.0% DM resulted in a reduction in DMI but the addition of 1.0%-1.5% urea resulted in the highest ADG, with no negative effects on rumen fermentation and health status of the calves.

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“…In this experiment, we reported a relatively higher BUN concentration compared with values documented in cattle calves. This could be a species difference as Sultan et al (2009) also reported higher values (up to 37 mg/dl of blood) in the growing Nili-Ravi buffalo calves that were fed a TMR with varying RUP to RDP levels. High levels of BUN can result in renal dysfunction, but we did not observe any renal problems during this experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of weaning regimen on intake, growth characteristics and plasma blood metabolites in male buffalo calves

Rashid

Pasha

Jabbar

et al. 2013

Animal

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Experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of weaning age on growth performance, feed intake, feed efficiency (FE) and blood metabolites in Nili-Ravi male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. Twenty-four male buffalo calves were assigned to one of the three treatment groups: continuous milk feeding (CMF), limited milk feeding (LMF) and early weaning (EW), and weaned off milk at 12, 10 and 8 weeks of age, respectively. For the first 3 days after birth, calves in all three treatments were fed colostrum, and were then moved to individual milk feeding at 10% of BW for the next 6 weeks. Thereafter, the provision of milk to the CMF group was gradually tapered to zero through week 12, using week 6 intakes as a base. The LMF calves were fed milk at 7.5%, 5.0%, 3.5%, and 1.5% of BW during weeks 7 to 10, respectively. Lastly, calves in the EW group were fed milk at 5.0% and 2.5% of BW at weeks 7 and 8, respectively. Calf starter (CS) feed was also provided ad libitum from weeks 2 to 12 and individual intakes were recorded on a daily basis. Blood samples were taken from weeks 6 to 12, on a weekly basis; whereas, the BW, heart girth, withers height and hip width were measured at the start of experiment and later on a weekly basis. Weight gain, average daily gain, and body measurements were the same across all three groups. Milk intake was lower ( P , 0.05), whereas CS intake was greater (P , 0.05) in the EW calves compared with the other treatment groups. Dry matter intake was greater (P , 0.05) in the EW and LMF calves compared with the CMF calves. The FE was greater ( P , 0.05) in the CMF calves compared with the LMF and EW treatment groups. Blood glucose concentration was similar among the treatments; however, blood urea nitrogen was greater ( P , 0.05) in the EW calves compared with the CMF and LMF groups. Plasma concentration of non-esterified fatty acids was higher (P , 0.05) in the EW calves compared with the CMF calves. In light of these results, it is evident that buffalo calves can be successfully weaned as early as 8 weeks of age without negatively affecting their growth performance.

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Effect of varying ruminally degradable to ruminally undegradable protein ratio on nutrient intake, digestibility and N metabolism in Nili Ravi buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis)

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of precision feeding high- and low-quality forage with different rumen protein degradability levels on nutrient utilization by dairy heifers1

Effect of precision feeding high- and low-quality forage with different rumen protein degradability levels on nutrient utilization by dairy heifers1

Effect of supplemental dietary slow‐release urea on growth performance and physiological status of dairy heifers

Influence of weaning regimen on intake, growth characteristics and plasma blood metabolites in male buffalo calves

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