Effect of varying dates of top-dressing of nitrogen on plant characters leading to tendency to lodging in rice

Singh, Jai; Takahashi, Jisuke

doi:10.1080/00380768.1962.10431004

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…1, 2, and tively. These data confirm previous findings (5,6) and indicate that dates to avoid applying N may be as important as dates to apply N. Vegold grain yields were lower from the 55-than from the 50-day treatment. Since lodging from the 55-day treatment was at a minimum the lower yields likely were due to some factor affecting components of yield.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance¹

Sims¹,

Hall²,

Johnston

1967

Agronomy Journal

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Field studies were conducted on Crowley silt loam soil in 1963, 1964, and 1965 to determine the optimum time near the middle of the growing season to apply N fertilizer to rice (Oryza sativa L.) and also to study interactions of time, N rates, and years. Forty pounds per acre of N was applied to all plots about 15 days after seedling emergence and just before flooding. The optimum time for the second application of N was that which resulted in near‐minimum plant height and lodging, with near‐maximum grain yield. Topdress N was applied at 3 levels to drained soil at each of 5 times near midseason, and plots were immediately reflooded. The source was ammonium sulfate. Varieties (cultivars) used were 'Vegold,' 'Nato,' and 'Bluebonnet 50,' which are classed, respectively, as very‐short‐season, short‐season, and midseason in maturity. Yields of grain were inversely related to plant height and lodging, and generally increased with time of N application up to 50, 67, and 79 days from emergence for Vegold, Nato, and Bluebonnet 50, respectively. N applied earlier than 45, 55, and 65 days to Vegold, Nato, and Bluebonnet 50, respectively, stimulated vegetative growth and resulted in taller plants, greater lodging, and lowered grain yields. Grain yield differences as great as 1,000 pounds, as an average of all N rates, could be attributed to time of N application. Significant rate × time and year × time interactions occurred. Rates of N generally had little or no effect on grain yield and plant height at treatment dates which gave maximum grain yield. However, high rates at early dates of application tended to depress grain yields and increase plant height and lodging. Maximum grain yield and significant reductions in plant height and lodging resulted from earlier treatments in 1964 (a year in which plants grew faster) than in 1963 or 1965.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance¹

Sims¹,

Hall²,

Johnston

1967

Agronomy Journal

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“…However, in our experiment a major fraction (> 60%) of the N was applied at planting, and top‐dressed very early in the season (another 20% by mid‐tillering). This fertilizer strategy is used by the local farmers in order to minimize the potential damage by cooling events near anthesis (Amano & Moriwaki, 1984) and also to minimize lodging damage at grain maturity (Singh & Takahashi, 1962). Such an N application strategy is likely to have led to soil N depletion late in the season (supported by data reported by Hoque et al ., 2002), leading to no interaction between N supply and [CO 2 ] in terms of plant biomass production at final harvest.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Seasonal changes in the effects of elevated CO₂ on rice at three levels of nitrogen supply: a free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) experiment

Kim

Lieffering

Kobayashi

et al. 2003

Global Change Biology

190

137

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Over time, the stimulative effect of elevated CO2 on the photosynthesis of rice crops is likely to be reduced with increasing duration of CO2 exposure, but the resultant effects on crop productivity remain unclear. To investigate seasonal changes in the effect of elevated CO2 on the growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops, a free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment was conducted at Shizukuishi, Iwate, Japan in 1998–2000. The target CO2 concentration of the FACE plots was 200 µmol mol−1 above that of ambient. Three levels of nitrogen (N) were supplied: low (LN, 4 g N m−2), medium [MN, 8 (1998) and 9 (1999, 2000) g N m−2] and high N (HN, 12 and 15 g N m−2). For MN and HN but not for LN, elevated CO2 increased tiller number at panicle initiation (PI) but this positive response decreased with crop development. As a result, the response of green leaf area index (GLAI) to elevated CO2 greatly varied with development, showing positive responses during vegetative stages and negative responses after PI. Elevated CO2 decreased leaf N concentration over the season, except during early stage of development. For MN crops, total biomass increased with elevated CO2, but the response declined linearly with development, with average increases of 32, 28, 21, 15 and 12% at tillering, PI, anthesis, mid‐ripening and grain maturity, respectively. This decline is likely to be due to decreases in the positive effects of elevated CO2 on canopy photosynthesis because of reductions in both GLAI and leaf N. Up to PI, LN‐crops tended to have a lower response to elevated CO2 than MN‐ and HN‐crops, though by final harvest the total biomass response was similar for all N levels. For MN‐ and HN‐crops, the positive response of grain yield (ca. 15%) to elevated CO2 was slightly greater than the response of final total biomass while for LN‐crops it was less. We conclude that most of the seasonal changes in crop response to elevated CO2 are directly or indirectly associated with N uptake.

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“…So well established is this fact that it needs no further verification. Good examples of experimental evidence, however, can be found in Chang (1964), Jennings and Sornchai (1964), Singh and Takahashi (1962), Umali, Castillo, and Castillo (1956), and Basak, Sen, and Bhattacharjee (1962).…”

Section: Morphological Characteristics Associated With Responsivementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Morphology and Stand Geometry in Relation to Nitrogen

Chandler

2015

Physiological Aspects of Crop Yield

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Effect of varying dates of top-dressing of nitrogen on plant characters leading to tendency to lodging in rice

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance¹

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance¹

Seasonal changes in the effects of elevated CO₂ on rice at three levels of nitrogen supply: a free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) experiment

Plant Morphology and Stand Geometry in Relation to Nitrogen

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Effect of varying dates of top-dressing of nitrogen on plant characters leading to tendency to lodging in rice

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance1

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance1

Seasonal changes in the effects of elevated CO2 on rice at three levels of nitrogen supply: a free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment

Plant Morphology and Stand Geometry in Relation to Nitrogen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance¹

Timing of N Fertilization of Rice. I. Effect of Applications Near Midseason on Varietal Performance¹

Seasonal changes in the effects of elevated CO₂ on rice at three levels of nitrogen supply: a free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) experiment