Effect of Upper- and Lower-limb Exercise Training on Circulating Soluble Adhesion Molecules, hs-CRP and Stress Proteins in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Abstract

These findings suggest that high levels of circulating sVCAM-1 are associated with an attenuated exercise training response and that arm-cranking exercise may provide an effective stimulus for evoking systemic anti-inflammatory adaptations in patients with intermittent claudication.

Upper- versus lower-limb aerobic exercise training on health-related quality of life in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease

“…Furthermore, evidence suggests that arm-cranking exercise provides a more effective stimulus than comparable lower-limb exercise training for evoking systemic antiinflammatory adaptations in patients with intermittent claudication, 37 and this could have a positive effect on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. 38 Improvements in upper-body strength and endurance evoked by arm-cranking exercise could also significantly affect the execution of normal daily activities, hence reflecting positively in a wider range of generic health-related QOL domains.…”

Upper versus lower limb exercise training in patients with intermittent claudication: A systematic review

“…The score of each study and its estimated level of quality are illustrated in Table 1 ( Supplementary file 1). The two studies by Saxton et al 26,29 were considered of high quality and the rest of fair quality.…”

“…The CD increased significantly for the UE and the LE groups compared to baseline ranging from 56% to 123% 28,29 and from 54% to 93% (Table 46). 28,31 Both training groups improved significantly more than the control, with two exceptions.…”

“…Baseline and final measurements also included an incremental shuttle walk test with a standard protocol, 26,[29][30][31] or a symptom-limited graded cardiopulmonary treadmill exercise test (GXT). 25,28 To determine UL/LE maximum power 31 25 Saxton et al 29 and Walker et al 31 limited the assessment to a pre-and a post-training test. Saxton et al 26 were the only who implemented an additional follow-up assessment at 48 and 72 weeks.…”

Analysis of up-to-date studies investigating effects of physical rehabilitation on traditional and novel biochemical parameters in PAD patients with intermittent claudication: a review

“…They did notice that improvements in training limb-specific oxygen consumption were not as great for patients in the highest quartile for circulating sVCAM-1 baseline levels as they were in patients in the lowest quartile at baseline. The authors concluded that high levels of circulating sVCAM-1 are associated with an attenuated exercise response and that training may provide an effective stimulus for evoking systemic anti-inflammatory adaptations in patients with intermittent claudication [47]. In another study, the authors assessed the effect of an 8-week supervised training program on endothelium-derived inflammatory markers: adhesion molecule plasma levels (E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1) in 29 PAD patients.…”