Effect of uniaxial stretching on rat bone mesenchymal stem cell: Orientation and expressions of collagen types I and III and tenascin‐C

Abstract

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have the potential to differentiate into a variety of cell types like osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes, etc. It is well known that mechanical forces regulate the biological function of cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of uniaxial stretching on the orientation and biological functions of BMSC. Rat BMSCs were harvested from femoral and tibial bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation. Cells from passages 1-6 were characterized by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. The recovered cells were stably positive for the markers CD90 and CD44 and negative for CD34 and CD45. A cyclic 10% uniaxial stretching at 1Hz was applied on rat BMSC for different time-courses. The length, width, and orientation of the cells were subsequently determined. Expression of collagen types I and III and tenascin-C mRNAs was measured by real-time RT-PCR, and the synthesis of these receptors was determined by radioimmunoassay. Results showed that uniaxial stretching lengthened and rearranged the cells. Compared with control groups, expression of collagen types I and III mRNAs was up-regulated after 12-h of stretching, while significant increase in synthesis of the two collagen protein types was not observed until after 24-h stretching. The expression of tenascin-C mRNA was significantly increased after a 24-h stretching. These data suggest that cyclic stretching promotes the synthesis of collagen types I and III and tenascin-C by the rat BMSC.

Gene targeting of the transcription factor Mohawk in rats causes heterotopic ossification of Achilles tendon via failed tenogenesis

“…Mechanical stress affects tendon development before and after birth (40), and excessive mechanical stress can lead to ossification of the tendon (28,41). It is also reported that mechanical strain promotes the differentiation of MSCs into tenocytes in vitro (21,42). In this regard, we recently found that Gtf2ird1 translocates into the nucleus in response to mechanical strain and activates the Mkx promoter through chromatin regulation (43).…”

Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells from rat bone marrow: ultrastructural properties, differentiation potential and immunophenotypic markers

“…(2) In response to appropriate stimuli, rBM-MSCs can differentiate into mesodermal lineage cells including osteoblasts (Lorenzi et al 2008;Zhang et al 2008), chondrocytes (Ahmed et al 2006;Peng et al 2008), muscle cells (Wakitani et al 1995), adipocytes (Lorenzi et al 2008;Peng et al 2008), and tenocytes (Hoffmann and Gross 2007).…”

RhoA/ROCK, cytoskeletal dynamics, and focal adhesion kinase are required for mechanical stretch‐induced tenogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

“…It has been reported that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were able to differentiate into tenocytes and may be used for tendon/ligament repair (Hoffmann et al, 2006). Furthermore, mechanical stimuli are able to induce tenogenic differentiation of hMSCs (Altman et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2007;Kuo and Tuan, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008). However, the mechanotransduction mechanism of this differentiation process is still unclear, and the elucidation of this mechanism is an important research goal in tendon/ligament repair.…”