Effect of Tytanit� on the yield and yield components of very early-maturing potato cultivars

Abstract

The growing period for early potatoes is extremely short, only 50-80 days from planting to harvest. To obtain a high marketable tuber yield in such a short period good conditions for plant growth must be ensured. In modern agriculture, plant growth stimulants have been gaining increasing importance. Although titanium (Ti) is neither a major nor minor nutrient for plants, it is classified as a beneficial element for plant growth. This paper analyses the effect of dose (0.2 dm ) on the yield and yield components of very early-maturing potato cultivars ('Lord' and 'Miłek'). Potatoes were harvested 75 days after planting (the end of June). Tytanit ® caused an increase in the tuber number and tuber weight per plant, particularly under stress conditions, although the effect of cultivars was not consistent. The growth stimulant did not have any effect on the average tuber weight. Following the application of Tytanit ® , the total tuber yield was higher, on average, by 2.26 t*ha -1 (7.5%), and the marketable tuber yield (diameter above 30 mm) by 1.88 t*ha -1 (6.4%). The tuber number per plant was higher when Tytanit ® was applied at the dose of 0.2 dm 3 *ha -1 . Potato plants produced greatest tubers when Tytanit ® was only applied in the leaf development stage (BBCH 1416). With double Tytanit ® applications, i.e. in the leaf development stage and with repeated treatment in the tuber formation stage, both the tuber number and tuber weight per plant were lower. The Tytanit ® application contributed to improved marketable value of the early potato yield due to a decreased share of small tubers (diameter below 40 mm) and an increased share of large tubers (diameter above 51 mm) especially in a year with a periodical water shortage in the tuber growth period. The examined very earlymaturing potato cultivars showed a differential response to Tytanit ® . The growth stimulant had a greater effect on the tuber number and tuber weight per plant for the 'Lord' cultivar. Following the Tytanit ® application, the total tuber yield of 'Lord' cultivar was higher , on average by 3.71 t*ha -1 (12.7%) and marketable tuber yield by 3.22 t*ha -1 (11.4%). Tytanit ® caused an increase in tuber yield of 'Miłek' cultivar only in year with the highest air temperature and water shortage in June -the total tuber 441

Impact of growth biostimulators and herbicide on edible potato yield

“…These results are consistent with the research of Gugała et al (2017) who obtained the highest total rise in yield of potato tubers applying the Sencor 70 WG herbicide just before sprouting and then the Asahi SL biostimulator twice. A beneficial effect of the application of biostimulators on yielding of cultivated plants was also recorded by Matysiak et al (2011), Kalinowski and Wadas (2017). Mikos-Bielak and Czeczko (2002), assessing the effective application of Atonik biostimulator in the cultivation of medium late potato Ania, demonstrated that single application of 0.1% solution of this preparation on leaves before flowering increased the total yield by around 14%.…”

Effect of Titanium on Growth of Very Early-Maturing Potato Cultivars

“…Tuber weight. Tytanit ® had a significant effect on the tuber weight per plant described in the work by Kalinowski and Wadas [2017]. In the three years of the study, the tuber weight per plant was higher by 48 g (8%), on average, compared to the control object without this plant growth stimulant (tab.…”

Effect of Tytanit on the dry matter and macroelement contents in potato tuber

“…Some comparative studies have shown that higher-yielding potato cultivars have a lower content of mineral elements in tubers than lower-yielding cultivars grown in the same conditions (White et al, 2009), which was not confirmed in the discussed study in the early date of potato harvest. The tuber yield of 'Lord' and 'Miłek' cultivars harvested 75 days after planting did not differ significantly (Kalinowski and Wadas, 2017). Regardless of the experimental factors, the tubers contained the most nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium and, at the same time, the least magnesium and sulphur in the cool and very moist growing season of 2009.…”

“…According to Sawicka and Mikos-Bielak (1995), an increase in potato tuber yield may be associated with a decrease in levels of certain, but not all, minerals in tubers. Tytanit ® as a growth stimulant caused an increase in the plant height and aboveground plant biomass and tuber weight per plant (Wadas and Kalinowski, 2017a), and as the result an increase in the yield of new potatoes of 'Lord' and 'Miłek' cultivars (Kalinowski and Wadas, 2017), but did not affect the macroelement contents in tubers, except for sodium. Leaf-absorbed titanium is translocated to roots via phloem and accumulated in the chloroplasts (Kelemen et al, 1993;Lyu et al, 2017).…”