Effect of two-stage dehydration on retention of characteristic flavor components of flue-cured tobacco in rotary dryer

Zhu, Wenkui; Wang, Y.; Chen, L. Y.; Wang, Z. G.; Li, B.; Wang, B.

doi:10.1080/07373937.2016.1138965

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Better understanding of tobacco carbohydrates and their impact on tobacco flavor and aroma as well as on the formation of undesirable compounds could be crucial. Present knowledge about tobacco carbohydrates and their impact on aroma profile originates from recently published articles [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Together with nitrogen compounds, tobacco carbohydrates are the most important aroma precursors [6,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since they have low vapor pressure, they are sensitive to high temperatures and oxidation processes [15]. Besides carbohydrates, other aroma compounds are derived from carotenoid degradation products [8]. The overall objective of this review is to evaluate tobacco carbohydrates as precursors of desirable and undesirable tobacco aroma compounds on previously published studies bases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbohydrates—Key Players in Tobacco Aroma Formation and Quality Determination

et al. 2020

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Carbohydrates are important compounds in natural products where they primarily serve as a source of energy, but they have important secondary roles as precursors of aroma or bioactive compounds. They are present in fresh and dried (cured) tobacco leaves as well. The sugar content of tobacco depends on the tobacco variety, harvesting, and primarily on the curing conditions (temperature, time and moisture). If the process of curing employs high temperatures (flue-curing and sun-curing), final sugar content is high. In contrast, when air curing has a lower temperature, at the end of the process, sugar level is low. Beside simple sugars, other carbohydrates reported in tobacco are oligosaccharides, cellulose, starch, and pectin. Degradation of polysaccharides results in a higher yield of simple sugars, but at the same time reduces sugars oxidization and transfer into carbon dioxide and water. Loss of sugar producers will compensate with added sugars, to cover undesirable aroma properties and achieve a better, pleasant taste during smoking. However, tobacco carbohydrates can be precursors for many harmful compounds, including formaldehyde and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Keeping in mind that added sugars in tobacco production are unavoidable, it is important to understand all changes in carbohydrates from harvesting to consuming in order to achieve better product properties and avoid the formation of harmful compounds. This review summarizes current knowledge about tobacco carbohydrates, including changes during processing with special focus on carbohydrates as precursors of harmful compounds during smoking.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrates—Key Players in Tobacco Aroma Formation and Quality Determination

et al. 2020

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“…This result was related to the enhanced exposure of the cut tobacco to the heating environment. During drying in tobacco primary processing, flue-cured tobacco is heat sensitive and some of its volatile flavor components are subjected to evaporative, oxidative, or chemical cracking losses [1,3] which leads to noticeable quality degradation of dried tobacco materials. [18,19] Figure 10 compares the effects of the drying media on the petroleum ether tobacco extracts at 210 and 270°C.…”

Section: Petroleum Ether Tobacco Extractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current drying methods for tobacco processing mainly include entrained flow drying and cylinder drying. [2,3] Entrained flow drying has a higher drying efficiency because of enhanced heat and mass transfer conditions. [4,5] In addition, it could improve the filling value of cut tobacco (a parameter describing a reduced apparent density of cut tobacco to achieve the same tobacco rod firmness), which is beneficial in reducing the tobacco consumption for cigarette making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast drying of cut tobacco in drop tube reactor and its effect on petroleum ether tobacco extracts

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2017

Drying Technology

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Entrained flow drying is an important fast drying tool in tobacco industry. This study used a drop tube reactor (DTR) as an entrained flow dryer to investigate drying process of flue-cured cut tobacco. Lab-scale cold and hot DTRs were set up to obtain drying kinetics for three types of cut tobacco using different drying gases and temperatures. The effective diffusion coefficients of cut tobacco in DTRs were compared with those in a general cylinder dryer. Moreover, the effects of different drying gases and temperatures on petroleum ether extract content were investigated. The results showed that the effective diffusion coefficients of cut tobacco in the DTRs were between 2.296 � 10 −8 and 8-6.244 � 10 −8 m 2 /s, which are two orders of magnitude higher than those in the cylinder dryer. Compared to hot air as a drying medium, superheated steam improved the effective diffusion coefficient of cut tobacco. The petroleum ether tobacco extract had a higher retention ratio when the superheated steam was used in the DTRs. An increase in the drying temperature resulted in a lower retention of the petroleum ether tobacco extract. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…The relation between the enthalpy and entropy is used to evaluate the physical and chemical phenomena which product the sorption reactions (Ngono Mbarga et al, 2017).Various mathematical models were proposed to describe the isothermal curves of water vapor sorption of the foodstuffs (Taoufik et al, 2017). These models, and in particular the simplest expressions (linear) of the water content according to the water activity are particularly useful in agribusiness (Erbas et al, 2005;Zhu et al, 2016). All these models, which they are a theoretical base or which they are empirical can help to understand the capacity of water adsorption by the product into monolayer or multilayer and sometimes to determine the adsorbent surface in the product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical characterization of the powder resulting from the solar drying of the Moringa oleifera leaves

Goudjinou¹,

Ahouannou²,

Chaffa³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Eng. Sci. Tech

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This paper presents the results of thermophysical characterization of the powder resulting from the solar drying of Moringa oleifera leaves. The desorption isotherms of the powder, are determined by the gravimetric static method. The models of B.E.T, Smith, Henderson, Iglesias and GAB are used for the smoothing of the experimental points. The Clausius-Clayperon and GibbsHelmholtz equation are used for the determination of thermodynamic properties. The isotherms obtained are with type II. The theoretical curves of GAB present a better similarity with the experimental curve at 55°C. The monolayer moisture content (Xm) is 6.32 and 7. 24 % at 30° C; 5.13 and 6.3% at 35 °C; 5.1 and 5.9 % at 45 °C; 4.22 and 4.66 % at 55 °C respectively for BET and GAB models. Isosteric and entropic heats are more important for low values of moisture content. The activation energy of desorption of the powder in the range of temperatures tested is -10.1009539 kJ/mol. Isokinetic temperature (Tβ) and the mean harmonic temperature (Thm) are respectively 301.2435K and 300.12342K and the free energy (ΔGβ) is 302.18 J/mol. The desorption process of the Powder is non-spontaneous and is done by controlled mechanisms enthalpic.

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Effect of two-stage dehydration on retention of characteristic flavor components of flue-cured tobacco in rotary dryer

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Carbohydrates—Key Players in Tobacco Aroma Formation and Quality Determination

Carbohydrates—Key Players in Tobacco Aroma Formation and Quality Determination

Fast drying of cut tobacco in drop tube reactor and its effect on petroleum ether tobacco extracts

Thermophysical characterization of the powder resulting from the solar drying of the Moringa oleifera leaves

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