Effect of Training on Work Capacity, Total Hemoglobin, Blood Volume, Heart Volume and Pulse Rate in Recumbent and Upright Positions<sup>1</sup>

Holmgren, A.; Mossfeldt, Folke; Sjöstrand, Torgny; Ström, Gunnar

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1960.tb02075.x

Cited by 103 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similar results have been reported in subsequent investigations [18,27]. Findings from a large-scale, cross-sectional study indicated that athletes have a higher RBC than controls [25].…”

Section: Effects Of Exercise Training On the Erythrocytic Systemsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Blood volume represents the sum of erythrocyte volume and plasma volume. Erythrocyte volume and plasma volume can change independently of one another to alter the blood volume [8,17,18,19,20,21]. With endurance training, plasma volume expansion can occur rapidly over several hours to days, whereas erythrocyte volume expansion usually occurs slowly over many weeks to months [5].…”

Section: Effects Of Exercise Training On the Erythrocytic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

Hu¹,

Wei²

2012

Acta Haematol

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Exercise training can increase total Hb and red cell mass, which enhances oxygen-carrying capacity. The possible underlying mechanisms are proposed to come mainly from bone marrow, including stimulated erythropoiesis with hyperplasia of the hematopoietic bone marrow, improvement of the hematopoietic microenvironment induced by exercise training, and hormone- and cytokine-accelerated erythropoiesis. Anemia is one of the most common medical conditions in chronic disease. The effects of exercise training on counteracting anemia have been explored and evaluated. The results of the research available to date are controversial, and it seems that significant methodological limitations exist. However, exercise training might be a promising, additional, safe and economical method to help improve anemia. There is a need for further investigation into the effects of and guidelines for exercise interventions (especially strength training) in this population of patients, particularly among cancer patients who are undergoing or have undergone chemotherapy or radiation treatments. As the available data are limited, additional research to uncover the underlying mechanisms associated with the effects of exercise training on anemia is clearly warranted.

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“…Similar results have been reported in subsequent investigations [18,27]. Findings from a large-scale, cross-sectional study indicated that athletes have a higher RBC than controls [25].…”

Section: Effects Of Exercise Training On the Erythrocytic Systemsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Effects Of Exercise Training On the Erythrocytic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

Hu¹,

Wei²

2012

Acta Haematol

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“…22 The conflicting results obtained in the present study may be due to differences in blood pressure of the subjects and the intensity of exercise. The volume and electrolyte responses to exercise training in essential hypertensive subjects may differ from that in normotensive subjects because of genetic abnormalities in body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.…”

Section: Hemodynamic Effects and Humoral Responsescontrasting

confidence: 53%

Antihypertensive and volume-depleting effects of mild exercise on essential hypertension.

Urata¹,

Tanabe²,

Kiyonaga³

et al. 1987

Hypertension

162

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HIDENORI URATA, YOICHI TANABE, AKIRA KJYONAGA, MASAHARU IKEDA, HIROAKI TANAKA, MUNEH1RO SHINDO, AND KLKUO ARAKAWA SUMMARY After a general clinical observation period of over 4 weeks, 20 essential hypertensive subjects (Japanese) were randomly divided into two groups. One group (n = 10; 4 men and 6 women; 51.4 ± 2.8 years of age) agreed to physical training using bicycle ergometer exercise with the intensity at blood lactate threshold for 60 minutes three times a week for 10 weeks, while the other group (n = 10; 4 men and 6 women; 51.0 ± 2.9 years of age) did no particular physical training and was followed once a week as the control. Changes in blood pressure, hemodynamics, and humoral factors of the exercised group were compared with values in the controls. The following significant changes were found only in the exercised group. Blood pressure was significantly (p<0.01) reduced. Whole blood and plasma volume indices were significantly reduced (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). The change in ratio of serum sodium to potassium positively correlated with the change in systolic blood pressure (r = 0.76, p<0.02). Plasma norepinephrine concentrations both at rest and at the workload of blood lactate threshold during graded exercise tests were significantly reduced (p<0.05, p<0.02 respectively) after 10 weeks of exercise training. The change in the resting level of plasma norepinephrine positively correlated with that in the mean blood pressure. No such changes were observed in the control group. In both groups, body weight and urinary sodium excretion showed no statistically significant changes. In conclusion, the antihypertensive effect of mild exercise training was confirmed in a well-matched, controlled study, and reduction in blood volume and plasma norepinephrine concentrations had an apparent association. (Hypertension 9: 245-252, 1987) KEY WORDS • blood pressure • training • electrolytes • catecholamines • lactate D ESPITE widespread interest in nonpharmaco logical therapy for hypertension, physical exercise has not gained acceptance for its antihypertensive effectiveness and mechanisms. 12 This may be attributed to the fact that there has been no well-controlled study of factors such as age, sex, race, number, and life-style in matched hypertensive control subjects. Even when positive effects 1 " 8 were obtained, the related mechanisms remained unclear. Supported in part by giants-in-aid from the Japanese Ministries of Education, Science, and Culture (B-58480246), Health and Welfare (60A-6), Uehara Memorial Foundation, and from the Fukuoka University Research Institute.Address for reprints: Kikuo Arakawa, M.D., The Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Fukuoka, Japan 814-01.Received February 4, 1986; accepted October 31, 1986. We reported the antihypertensive effect of exercise training with the workload at blood lactate threshold and noted a significant reduction of plasma catecholamine concentration and an elevation of plasma prostaglandin E concentration. 9 ' l0 In addit...

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“…The change in the plasma volume during exercise is rather conflicting,but it is generally accepted that a significant increase in plasma volume is induced by prolonged strenuous exercise (HOLMGREN et al,1960;OSCAI et al,1968).In the present study,the reduction of total hemoglobin during exercise period was observed in the anemic subjects,therefore,we may conclude that the concomitant reductions of hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value in the anemic subjects are not only due to a result of hemodilution,but also to an absolute reduction of hemoglobin. Osmotic fragility of red cells increased from the third to the tenth days of the exercise period in the standard-and low-protein groups,but this phenomenon was not observed in the high-protein group.As the young red cells have a relative ability to resist hemolysis in hypotonic salt solutions (BisHoP,1964),an increase in reticulocytes may reduce osmotic fragility.This may partly explain the lack of the increase in the osmotic fragility of red cells in the high-protein group.As shown in Fig.4,the plasma level of hemoglobin increased after the exercise,and we may assume that the reduction of red cells during exercise is the result of intravascular hemolysis due to an increased susceptibility of red cells.The free hemoglobin in the plasma will be rapidly bound with haptoglobins (ALLISON and REES,1957).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Protein Nutrition to the Reduction of Red Blood Cells Induced by Physical Training

1977

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Sports anemia induced by tennis training or exercising on a bicycle ergometer was studied in healthy male students.Since the anemia has been attributed to an increased susceptibility of red blood cells to lysis during exercise and influence by the nutritional status of the individuals has been suggested,the relation of sports anemia to the nutritional conditions of the subjects and to osmotic fragility of red cells were studied in groups by controlling protein levels in diets. Anemia was most pronounced and the recovery from it was most prolonged in subjects with low protein diets,while it was least pronounced and the recovery was most rapid in subjects with high protein diets. The extent of increase in osmotic fragility of red cells was highest in subjects with low protein diets,and lowest in subjects with high protein diets.The erythropoietic responses to the exercise were different among the dietary groups;i.e.,an early increase in blood reticulocytes in subjects with high protein diets and a late increase in subjects with low protein diets were observed during the course of training. From above observations,we conclude that the extent of anemia is closely related to protein intake from the diets and that it is one of adaptive processes of individuals to strenuous physical training rather than an exaggeration of the physiological process of erythrocyte destruction.

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Effect of Training on Work Capacity, Total Hemoglobin, Blood Volume, Heart Volume and Pulse Rate in Recumbent and Upright Positions¹

Abstract: HOLMGREN, A., F. MOSSFELDT, T. SJ~STRAND and G. STROM. Effect of training on work capacib, total hemoglobin, blood volume, heart volume and pulse rate in recumbent and upright positions. Acta physiol. scand. 1960. 50. 72-83.

Cited by 103 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

Antihypertensive and volume-depleting effects of mild exercise on essential hypertension.

Relation of Protein Nutrition to the Reduction of Red Blood Cells Induced by Physical Training

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Effect of Training on Work Capacity, Total Hemoglobin, Blood Volume, Heart Volume and Pulse Rate in Recumbent and Upright Positions1

Abstract: HOLMGREN, A., F. MOSSFELDT, T. SJ~STRAND and G. STROM. Effect of training on work capacib, total hemoglobin, blood volume, heart volume and pulse rate in recumbent and upright positions. Acta physiol. scand. 1960. 50. 72-83.

Cited by 103 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia

Antihypertensive and volume-depleting effects of mild exercise on essential hypertension.

Relation of Protein Nutrition to the Reduction of Red Blood Cells Induced by Physical Training

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Effect of Training on Work Capacity, Total Hemoglobin, Blood Volume, Heart Volume and Pulse Rate in Recumbent and Upright Positions¹