Effect of Training at Lactate Threshold Intensity on Maximal Time to Exhaustion, Depression and Anxiety Behaviour of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats after Kainate-Induced Status Epilepticus

Abstract

Citation: Georgieva KN, Hadjieva MS, Doseva MS, Terzieva DD, Georgiev NG, Andreev GG, Tchekalarova JD. Eff ect of training at lactate threshold intensity on maximal time to exhaustion, depression and anxiety behaviour of spontaneously hypertensive rats after kainate-induced status epilepticus.Folia Medica 2017;59(1): 91-97. doi: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0004 Aim: The objective of the present study was to investigate the eff ect of treadmill training at lactate threshold intensity on maximum time to exhaustion (MTE) and heart rate (HR) as well as behavioral changes after kainate (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Materials and methods: Male SHRs were divided in four groups: two sedentary (vehicle-and KA-treated) and two exercised (vehicle-and KA-treated), respectively. The exercised rats were trained on a treadmill at a speed of 20 m.min -1 and 0º elevation for 40 min.d -1 , for 4 wk. Maximal time to exhaustion and HR was measured at the beginning and at the end of the training period. Status epilepticus was evoked in half of the sedentary and trained rats by a repetitive intraperitoneal injection of KA in low subconvulsive doses. The other half of the groups received saline. Sucrose preference test (SPT) for depression-like behavior and hole board test (HBT) for impulsivity were performed a month after KA/veh injection. Results:The maximum time of exhaustion was elongated in the SHRs at the end of the training period in comparison with the beginning. However, no eff ect on HR was detected in trained rats. Kainate treatment after one month of training alleviated the SE-induced anhedonia in SPT and stereotyped behavior in HBT, respectively. Conclusions: Taken together, these results demonstrate that exercise exerts a benefi cial infl uence on physical working capacity, depression and impulsive behavior in a co-morbid model of essential hypertension and SE.

Aerobic exercise has an anxiolytic effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…This notion has also been supported by various behavioral studies in animals, which reported training protocols that induced an anxiolytic effect in rodents (Ke et al, 2011;Tchekalarova et al, 2015;Ghodrati-Jaldbakhan et al, 2017). On the other hand, some studies failed to demonstrate the anxiolytic effect of exercise training (Chaouloff, 1994;Hoffman et al, 2015;Georgieva et al, 2017), as well as Fuss et al (2010a;2010b), which reported a contrary result suggesting an anxiogenic effect of exercise training. These contradictory results primarily originate from differences in type, intensity, and duration of exercise between protocols.…”

“…In the literature, there are contradictory results regarding the effect of exercise. Some authors reported an anxiolytic effect with training (Ke et al, 2011;Tchekalarova et al, 2015;Ghodrati-Jaldbakhan et al, 2017), and some observed no differences (Chaouloff, 1994;Hoffman et al, 2015;Georgieva et al, 2017). Then, others reported an exercise-induced anxiogenic effect (Fuss et al, 2010a;2010b).…”

Effect of endurance training on seizure susceptibility, behavioral changes and neuronal damage after kainate-induced status epilepticus in spontaneously hypertensive rats

“…Our results showed that aerobic training contributed to a higher resistance to KA-induced SE in SHRs through increasing the threshold for SE onset during repetitive injection of low subconvulsive doses of KA. It may be inferred that improved physical working capacity (Georgieva et al, 2015) as well as decreased systolic and mean arterial pressure in SHRs resulting from the exercise program can contribute to the positive effect of endurance training on the neurotoxic effect of KA.…”

Outdoor Recreation: Physiological Effects and Prevention of Socially Important Diseases

“…Epilepsy itself and most of the antiepileptic medications impair the cognitive functions [51], which requires the search for methods that complement the basic therapy to reduce cognitive deficits. Our previous experimental studies have shown that the regular physical exercise reduces the cognitive deficit from the application of antiepileptic medications and suppresses depression and anxiety behavior in epilepsy [44,51,52].…”

“…A number of clinical and experimental studies evidence that the recreation physical exercise of the aerobic type can be used as a prevention or drug-free therapy for hypertension, as it has a hypotensive effect and favorably affects some of the cardiovascular risk factors (dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, etc. ), resulting in a reduced risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [33,34]. One of the largest meta-analyses conducted so far shows that aerobic exercise in hypertensives reduces systolic pressure by about 5-10 mmHg but has almost no effect on diastolic arterial blood pressure [35].…”