Effect of tool rotational and welding speeds on microstructural and mechanical characteristics of friction stir welded A319 cast Al alloy

Mahmoud, T. S.; Gaafer, A. M.; Khalifa, T. A.

doi:10.1179/174328408x294116

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The average grain size increased proportionally to rotational speed as 5.5 mm at 450 rpm, 9.5 mm at 650 rpm and 12.8 mm at 850 rpm. Similar result that the grain size tended to increase with increasing rotational speed was also observed in many previous studies [10][11][12] and commonly with respect to the frictional heat input. Frigaard et al 13) reported that the average heat input per unit time for FSW could be described as Q ¼ 4=3 2 PR 3 !, where P was the vertical pressure on the tool, R was the surface radius of the shoulder, was the friction coefficient, and !…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlation between Microstructural Stability and Tensile Properties of FSWed Al-Mg-Mn Cast Plate during Subsequent Thermal Exposure

2011

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Al-Mg-Mn cast plate was friction stir welded at different rotational speeds for studying the thermal stability of FSWed specimen. AsFSWed specimens possessed a typical fine grain structure, 5.5 mm at 450 rpm, 9.5 mm at 650 rpm and 12.8 mm at 850 rpm could be acquired. But for the specimens as raised up the rotational speed to 850-1650 rpm exerts little effect to the coarsening of grain size. On the other hand, a subsequent thermal exposure from 350 to 500 C for FSWed specimens will cause significant growth of fine dynamic recrystallization grains, especially as the rotational speed decreased to 450 rpm for the fixed traverse speed, 0.55 mm/s. Tensile properties revealed that extreme grain growth after thermal exposure at 500 C deteriorated the workability of the weld zone. It should be noted that a stored energy release by 300 C pre-annealing heat treatment was beneficial for avoiding extra grain coarsening. In this study, the optimum rotational speed for improving tensile properties pertaining to microstructural thermal stability could be recognized as 850 rpm.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlation between Microstructural Stability and Tensile Properties of FSWed Al-Mg-Mn Cast Plate during Subsequent Thermal Exposure

2011

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“…This means that the out flow from thread spaces forming the nugget zone in the present case differs from those identified for the case of forming onion rings [17]. Non-ring nugget structure is, however, not uncommon and can be identified in FS nuggets presented in literature for FSW/P of similar cast alloys [18][19][20][21]. RSM deposited to the nugget from thread spaces in the trailing-advancing side and the lower part (due to the screwing effect), thus forming a L-shaped RSM region in the nugget [16], as can be seen in Figure 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Effects of Rotation Speed and Forward Speed on Stir Zone Formation During Friction Stir Processing of Al-7Si-0.3Mg Alloy

Cui¹,

Chen²

2010

Int.J.Soc.Mater.Eng.Resour.

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Friction stir processing (FSP) could potentially be used to modify and refine the microstructures of aluminium alloy castings for use as structural rather than non-structural components. However, there is currently an insufficient understanding on how FSP parameters affect the individual and combined flows forming the various regions in the processed zone during FSP in literature. In this study, a cast Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy was used to provide readily identifiable processed zones. A series of FS experiments covering a wide range of tool forward (v) and rotation ( ω ) speeds were conducted followed by the measurement of individual and combined stir zone areas. We have identified that the deformation of α (Al) dendrites and eutectic AlSi sheared by the pin resulting in fine Si particles evenly distributed in α (Al) matrix was a major mode of flow. Another mode of flow was associated with the material merely dragged into the FS zone and, as a result, Si-particle clusters remained. The basic modes of material flow did not change but the volume of each individual flow and combined flow volume depended on both v and ω . The trends observed on the present data can explain how pin rotation relates to the material transportation mechanism and the associated torque (M) required. The present data also explains how v, not ω , relates to specific energy (E s ) and the volume of the total stir zone.

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“…However, among these parameters, the rotation speed of the tool and welding speed are the most important that dominate the quality and mechanical properties of the joints [14,15]. To the best of our knowledge, current papers about the FSW of Al-Li alloys are few, and the conclusions in these reports about the effect of welding parameters on mechanical properties of the joints are inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Effect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints of 2060 aluminum lithium alloy

Mao

Liu

et al. 2015

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Two-millimeter-thick 2060 Al-Li alloy plates were friction stir welded under a welding speed of 95-150 mm/min and rotation speed of 750-1500 rpm. The effects of welding speed and rotation speed on formation quality, microstructure, secondary phase particles' transformation, and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. The results show that defect-free joints are produced for varying friction stir welding (FSW) parameters, and nugget size increases firstly and then decreases with increasing rotation speed or decreasing welding speed. The weld nugget zones (WNZs) have fine dynamically recrystallized grains, and the size decreases to 7.9 μm with increasing rotation speed to 1180 rpm or decreasing welding speed to 118 mm/min, while the grains are coarsened at 1500 rpm or 95 mm/min. A similar trend occurs in the transformation of secondary phase particles, whose size is the smallest in WNZ at 1180 rpm-118 mm/min. All joints exhibit softened zones where the hardness is the lowest, and the joints fracture from WNZs or heat-affected zones. The joints welded at 1180 rpm-118 mm/min perform the highest ultimate tensile strength of 495 MPa, yield strength of 380 MPa, and elongation of 10.2 %. With increasing rotation speed or decreasing welding speed, the strengths and elongation of the joints increase firstly and then decrease.

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Effect of tool rotational and welding speeds on microstructural and mechanical characteristics of friction stir welded A319 cast Al alloy

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Correlation between Microstructural Stability and Tensile Properties of FSWed Al-Mg-Mn Cast Plate during Subsequent Thermal Exposure

Correlation between Microstructural Stability and Tensile Properties of FSWed Al-Mg-Mn Cast Plate during Subsequent Thermal Exposure

Effects of Rotation Speed and Forward Speed on Stir Zone Formation During Friction Stir Processing of Al-7Si-0.3Mg Alloy

Effect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints of 2060 aluminum lithium alloy

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