Effect of tillage and straw return on carbon footprints, soil organic carbon fractions and soil microbial community in different textured soils under rice–wheat rotation: a review

Dhaliwal, Salwinder Singh; Naresh, RK; Gupta, Raj Kumar; Panwar, A. S.; Mahajan, NC; Singh, Ravinder; Mandal, Agniva

doi:10.1007/s11157-019-09520-1

Cited by 58 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In the present study, under taking the tillage conditions, retaining crop residue in the paddy soil significantly increases most carbon sources and soil microbial diversity, reflecting organic carbon accumulation and the provision of increased substrate supply for soil microorganisms, which was consistent with previous researches [1,24]. The reason may be that applying conservation tillage and crop residue management increased soil microbial diversity as a result of increase organic carbon from retaining residues.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Functional diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in response to different tillage and crop residue retention in a double-cropping rice field

Tang

Xiao

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Microbial community functional diversity is a sensitive indicator of soil quality, soil management such as tillage and crop residue which can affect the microbial community functional diversity of paddy field. However, there is still limited information about the influence of different tillage and crop residue management on rhizosphere soil microbial community functional diversity in a double-cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) field. Therefore, four tillage treatments were set up in paddy field, tillage treatments were included: conventional tillage with residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with residue incorporation (RT), no-tillage with residue retention (NT), and rotary tillage with residue removed as control (RTO). And the effects of CT, RT, NT, and RTO treatments on the average well color development (AWCD), genetic diversity indices and carbon source utilization of rhizosphere soil were studied in the present paper. The results showed that the values of AWCD with CT, RT and NT treatments were higher than that of RTO treatment. It was implied that application of crop residue management resulted in the variation of the carbon utilization efficiency of rhizosphere soil microbial communities. At maturity stages of early and late rice, the Richness indices, Shannon indices and McIntosh indices with CT treatment were significantly higher than that of RTO treatment, and with the order as CT>RT>NT>RTO. Principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that there were significant differences in carbon substrate utilization patterns among different tillage treatments. Carbohydrates and amino acids were the main carbon resources utilized by rhizosphere soil microbes. Therefore, the combined application of tillage with crop residue management could significantly increase the rhizosphere soil microbial community functional diversity in the double-cropping paddy field of southern China.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Functional diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in response to different tillage and crop residue retention in a double-cropping rice field

Tang

Xiao

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Increased microbial biomass can improve soil structure through increased formation of soil macroaggregates, which also has an influence on soil organic carbon dynamics (Wang et al 2017). Nonetheless, tillage can move microorganisms from the microaerophilic or anaerobic layers towards the topsoil, where they can be inactivated or can die due to the high concentration of oxygen, thus affecting microbial diversity (Wang et al 2017, Dhaliwal et al 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effects of sewage sludge compost applications on the microbial activity, the nutrient and heavy metal content of a Chernozem soil in a field survey

et al. 2020

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Sewage sludge contains organic matter and micro and macronutrients which are potentially useful for agricultural usage. However, it can be harmful when containing undesirable amounts of organic pollutants, heavy metals, or pathogens. Our study focused on examining the changes in the extractable nutrient, organic matter and heavy metal contents of a Chernozem soil and the alteration of the soil biological activity as a consequence of low-dose municipal sewage sludge compost applications (0.5 t/ha). Sampling campaigns were done in 2018 near Újkígyós (SE Hungary) during which composite soil samples (0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) and groundwater samples were collected for assessing changes in the nutrient and heavy metal concentrations as a result of compost amendments’ use. Additionally, upper soil (0–50 cm) and subsoil (50–80 cm) were sampled for assessing biological parameters, considered to be aerobic and anaerobic soil layers, respectively. Soil samples were analyzed for the basic pedological parameters (pH, organic matter, carbonates and texture), nutrients (K2O, P2O5, N-forms and organic matter) and heavy metal concentrations following standard extraction procedures. The microbial properties were characterized by colony-forming units (CFUs) and enzyme activity measurements. The results of the nutrient analyses show significantly increased soil-bound K2O, P2O5 and NO2− + NO3− contents linked to the sewage sludge treatments. However, neither the organic matter nor the heavy metal content varied significantly in the sludge-amended soil compared with a control site. The microbiological analyses revealed that the sewage sludge treatments tended to increase the aerobic CFUs, but not that of the anaerobic microbes. The average catalase enzyme activity in both the aerobic and anaerobic samples and the average dehydrogenase activity only in the aerobic layers showed a slight but not significant increase in the compost-amended soils. Overall, these results convincingly demonstrated that amending soils with low doses of municipal sewage sludge composts (lacking any industrial sources) can be a sustainable fertilizing practice taking advantage of their high N, P and K contents that are slowly converted to their bioavailable forms thus preventing their excessive leaching in the groundwater.

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“…It has been documented that microorganisms and enzymes affect C cycling 13,18 . As Table 1 showed, almost all soil microbial community and enzyme indices were associated with aggregate size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the most abundance in soil system 10 , microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and fungi) have been reported to facilitate the C cycling, through increasing metabolic actions 11 and bonding organic particles together or stimulating root secretion of OM 12 . Some studies found that bacteria contribute to the SOC storage more greatly than fungi in the rice and wheat system 13 . Differently, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been thought not to be very important in C decomposition 14 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, soil moisture within aggregate was directly altered by feitilizer application, which plays a key role in the survival of soil microorganisms 42 . The application of manure increased the microbial biomass in the form of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) in macro-aggregates, e.g., bacterial, fungal, and AM fungal biomass, while not significantly in micro-aggregates 13 . Additionally, soil enzymes are reported to react quickly to changes in most of soil managements 20 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Contribution of Microorganisms to Soil Organic Carbon Stock Under Fertilization Varies among Aggregate Size Classes

Liang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Long term fertilization alters soil microbiological properties and then affects soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. However, the interrelations of SOC with biological drivers and their relative importance are rarely analyzed quantitatively at aggregate scale. We investigated the contribution of soil microbial biomass, diversity and enzyme activity to C stock in soil aggregate fractions (> 5 mm, 2 − 5 mm, 1 − 2 mm, 0.25 − 1 mm and < 0.25 mm) at topsoil (0–15 cm) from 27-year long term fertilization regime. Compared to CK (no fertilization management), NPS and NPM (inorganic fertilization plus the incorporation of maize straw or composted cow manure) significantly reduced the impact of NP (inorganic fertilizers application alone) on the growth of microbial community, and increased the microbial contribution to C stock. The results showed that microbial variables were significantly correlated with SOC content in > 0.25 mm aggregates rather than in < 0.25 mm aggregates. Fungal variables (fungal, AM biomass, and F/B ratio) and enzyme activities (BXYL and LAP) in > 0.25 mm aggregates explained 21% and 2% on C, respectively. Overall, organic matter (OM) addition could contribute to higher C storage by boosting fungal community and enzyme activity rather than by changing microbial community diversity in macro-aggregates.

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Effect of tillage and straw return on carbon footprints, soil organic carbon fractions and soil microbial community in different textured soils under rice–wheat rotation: a review

Cited by 58 publications

References 50 publications

Functional diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in response to different tillage and crop residue retention in a double-cropping rice field

Functional diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in response to different tillage and crop residue retention in a double-cropping rice field

Evaluating the effects of sewage sludge compost applications on the microbial activity, the nutrient and heavy metal content of a Chernozem soil in a field survey

The Contribution of Microorganisms to Soil Organic Carbon Stock Under Fertilization Varies among Aggregate Size Classes

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