Effect of Three Tillage Systems on the Persistence of Atrazine

Bauman, Thomas T.; Ross, M. A.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500069290

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As expected, the per cent coverage of pyroxasulfone decreased with increasing amounts of horizontal residue on the soil surface (Fig. ), due to herbicide interception by residue, which is similar to the findings of other studies . Borger et al .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Crop residue on the soil surface can intercept a considerable amount of herbicide at the time of application . Significant quantities of atrazine and metolachlor are intercepted and retained by crop residues after many rainfall events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12][13][14] Crop residue on the soil surface can intercept a considerable amount of herbicide at the time of application. [15][16][17] Significant quantities of atrazine 17 and metolachlor 15,18,19 are intercepted and retained by crop residues after many rainfall events. The interception and retention of herbicide by crop residues reduces the amount of herbicide that reaches the soil, which is likely to reduce weed control efficacy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyroxasulfone efficacy for annual ryegrass control is affected by wheat residue height, amount and orientation

Khalil

Flower

Siddique

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Pre‐emergent herbicides play an important role in conservation agriculture, however, crop residues on the soil surface in these systems can intercept a considerable amount of herbicide during application. Cutting crops relatively high at harvest has some advantages, such as allowing faster harvest, and this also means that there is less horizontal residue on the soil surface. This field study tested the impact of standing wheat residue height and amount of horizontal residue on the interception, leaching and weed‐control efficacy of the pre‐emergent herbicide pyroxasulfone in the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons. RESULTS Spray coverage of pyroxasulfone declined from 14.6% to 7.5% with increasing amounts (0 to 4 t ha−1) of horizontal wheat residue. Horizontal wheat residue at 1 t ha−1 had 10.3% spray coverage (more herbicide interception) compared with 15.4% for the equivalent amount of standing residue. Greater amounts of horizontal residue also significantly reduced the efficacy of pyroxasulfone in controlling ryegrass in the field and decreased pyroxasulfone concentrations in the soil. Rainfall after herbicide application increased herbicide efficacy for all residue amounts. Generally, cutting standing residue higher resulted a relatively small decrease in spray coverage at the soil surface and weed control efficacy, and this was significant only between nil stubble and 0.3 m cut height. CONCLUSION Cutting residue relatively high, leaving less on the surface, improves spray coverage and herbicide efficacy compared with having more horizontal residue. This research may assist farmers and advisors to maximize the efficacy of pre‐emergent herbicide in no‐tillage systems. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pyroxasulfone efficacy for annual ryegrass control is affected by wheat residue height, amount and orientation

Khalil

Flower

Siddique

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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“…Several environmental factors, including soil pH (15)(16)(17), temperature (18), and moisture (79), tillage practices (17,(20)(21)(22) and other soil properties (23) have been shown to influence atrazine persistence in soils. Degradation by microorganisms (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33) reduces atrazine concentrations in soil.…”

Section: Atrazine Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of Atrazine Degradation in Pseudomonas sp. Strain ADP

Sadowsky

Wackett

Souza

et al. 1998

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Atrazine, a widely used pre-emergence herbicide, has been found in wells in many states [I] and was the second most frequently detected pesticide in the recent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Pesticide Survey [12]. Half-life of atrazine has been determined to be less than one month in the field [16,17], and it is degraded by both microbial and chemical processes . Atrazine has a water solubility of 33 ppm [13]; its sorption and mobility in soils are controlled predominantly by organic matter and to some extent by clay minerals [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of carbon‐rich waste materials on movement and sorption of atrazine in a sandy, coarse‐textured soil

Guo

Bicki

Hinesly

et al. 1991

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Soil columns were used to investigate leaching of atrazine [2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐s‐triazine] in a Plainfield sandy soil amended with waste activated carbon (WAC), digested municipal sewage sludge (DMS), or animal manure. Lower amounts of atrazine were consistently observed in leachates from soil with amendments than from soil without amendments. Ability of the three wastes to reduce leaching of atrazine followed the order WAC ≫ DMS > animal manure. Atrazine recovery in leachate ranged from 0.1% from soil amended with WAC at 2.1 t of total carbon per ha (t C/ha) to 77.4% from unamended soil. Mobility of atrazine in amended soil was inversely related to its sorption coefficient, KOC. Reduction in amount of leached atrazine by application of DMS or manure may also have involved increased degradation and/or formation of bound residues. Findings of this study provide basic information for possible utilization of waste materials in coarse‐textured soils to reduce leaching of pesticides to ground water.

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Effect of Three Tillage Systems on the Persistence of Atrazine

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

Pyroxasulfone efficacy for annual ryegrass control is affected by wheat residue height, amount and orientation

Pyroxasulfone efficacy for annual ryegrass control is affected by wheat residue height, amount and orientation

Genetics of Atrazine Degradation in Pseudomonas sp. Strain ADP

Effect of carbon‐rich waste materials on movement and sorption of atrazine in a sandy, coarse‐textured soil

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