Effect of the Y chromosome on plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in Y-chromosome-consomic mouse strains

Suto, Jun‐ichi; Satou, Kunio

doi:10.1186/1756-0500-7-393

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…So far, no additional studies have been published on PRKY and UTY in humans. In mice, a study linking the Y chromosome, HDL-cholesterol levels, and Uty has been recently published [65]. This study confirmed the effect of the Y chromosome on plasma HDL-cholesterol levels in mice by identifying several variants associated with plasma HDL-cholesterol levels.…”

Section: Concluding Perspectivessupporting

confidence: 57%

“…This study confirmed the effect of the Y chromosome on plasma HDL-cholesterol levels in mice by identifying several variants associated with plasma HDL-cholesterol levels. The results notably showed that the variation rs46947134 (a nonsynonymous SNP) in Uty was significantly associated with plasma HDL-cholesterol levels, however, it is still unknown whether the G/C variants in mouse Uty are associated with these expression levels [65].…”

Section: Concluding Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coronary Artery Disease: Why We should Consider the Y Chromosome

Molina

Clarence

Ahmady

et al. 2016

Heart, Lung and Circulation

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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. In the last few years our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms that promote CAD in individuals has increased with the advent of the genome era. This complex inflammatory disease has well-defined environmental risk factors. However, in the last 10 years, studies including genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have clearly demonstrated a genetic influence on CAD. Recently, studies on the human Y chromosome have also demonstrated that genetic variation within the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) could play a part in determining cardiovascular risk in men, confirming the notion that the increased risk for CAD in men cannot be fully explained through common CAD risk factors. Here, we review the literature about the pathophysiology of CAD, its potential causes and environmental risk factors known so far. Furthermore, we review the genetics of CAD, especially the latest discoveries regarding the implication of the Y chromosome, the most underexplored portion of the human genome to date, highlighting methods and difficulties arising in this research field, and discussing the importance of considering the Y chromosome in CAD research.

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Section: Concluding Perspectivessupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Concluding Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary Artery Disease: Why We should Consider the Y Chromosome

Molina

Clarence

Ahmady

et al. 2016

Heart, Lung and Circulation

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“…Singer et al [ 18 ], Spiezio et al [ 20 ] and our results even suggest that the Y chromosome of the mouse has significant effects on baseline circulating total cholesterol levels. This is in line with the results of Suto and Satou [ 88 ], who recently presented evidence that Y-linked genes control plasma HDL-cholesterol levels in the laboratory mouse.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Chromosomal assignment of quantitative trait loci influencing baseline circulating total cholesterol level in male laboratory mice: report of a consomic strain survey and comparison with published results

et al. 2015

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BackgroundAn important risk for atherosclerosis is a low level of HDL cholesterol. Baseline HDL cholesterol is under complex genetic and environmental control. Here we report on results of male mice from a consomic strain survey and the parental inbred strains for baseline circulating total cholesterol concentration, which is almost the same as HDL cholesterol in chow fed mice. The consomic strains have been derived from C57BL/6J (host strain) and A/J (donor strain) inbred lines. The work contributes to the value of the mouse as an animal model for studying the genetic background of differences in baseline circulating total and HDL cholesterol levels.ResultsThe consomic strain survey suggested that mouse chromosomes 1, 7, 9, 14, 16, 17, 19, X, and Y contained at least one quantitative trait locus that is involved in baseline circulating total cholesterol concentration. All consomic lines, for which there is evidence that the substituted chromosome contains a quantitative trait locus, increase compared to the host strain baseline circulating total cholesterol concentration. Since there is evidence that ‘body weight’, ‘age at blood sampling’, ‘time of the day blood was collected’, and ‘season’ influence this phenotype, additional statistical analyses (with these variables as covariates) were performed. Now there is only evidence for quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 1, 8, 12, and Y. Taken the present results together with previous consomic strain surveys there is evidence that all mouse chromosomes carry quantitative trait loci that control baseline circulating total cholesterol levels. There was however little agreement between the present consomic strain results and previous sets of data. This might be explained by seasonal effects and differences in methodological variables such as age of the mice, fasting versus non-fasting, percentage of dietary fat, unanesthetized versus anesthetized mice, and the daily light–dark cycle.ConclusionsThe present findings, when compared with previous consomic strain surveys, clearly illustrate the complexity of the genetic-environmental architecture for the regulation of baseline circulating total cholesterol levels in mice. Different data can be obtained from different labs and it underscores that animal geneticists should present as accurate a picture as possible of the laboratory mouse’s environment.

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“…However, a recent study using consomic mouse strains with Y chromosomes derived from distinct inbred strains suggests that genetic variation in Y chromosome genes influences plasma lipoprotein levels. 34 The Y chromosome carries a set of genes that encode Y-specific proteins that are similar to paralogous genes on the X chromosome. These include the Y chromosome counterparts of the X chromosome escapee genes that exhibit increased dosage in mice with two vs .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Mice With XX Versus XY Sex Chromosomes

Link

Chen

Prien

et al. 2015

ATVB

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Objective The molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in dyslipidemia are poorly understood. We aimed to distinguish genetic and hormonal regulators of sex differences in plasma lipid levels. Approach and Results We assessed the role of gonadal hormones and sex chromosome complement on lipid levels using the Four Core Genotypes mouse model (XX females, XX males, XY females, and XY males). In gonadally intact mice fed a chow diet, lipid levels were influenced by both male–female gonadal sex and XX–XY chromosome complement. Gonadectomy of adult mice revealed that the male–female differences are dependent on acute effects of gonadal hormones. In both intact and gonadectomized animals, XX mice had higher HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than XY mice, regardless of male–female sex. Feeding a cholesterol-enriched diet produced distinct patterns of sex differences in lipid levels compared to a chow diet, revealing the interaction of gonadal and chromosomal sex with diet. Notably, under all dietary and gonadal conditions, HDL-C levels were higher in mice with two X chromosomes compared to mice with an X and Y chromosome. By generating mice with XX, XY and XXY chromosome complements, we determined that the presence of two X chromosomes, and not the absence of the Y chromosome, influences HDL-C concentration. Conclusions We demonstrate that having two X chromosomes versus an X and Y chromosome complement drives sex differences in HDL-C. It is conceivable that increased expression of genes escaping X-inactivation in XX mice regulates downstream processes to establish sexual dimorphism in plasma lipid levels.

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Effect of the Y chromosome on plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in Y-chromosome-consomic mouse strains

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Coronary Artery Disease: Why We should Consider the Y Chromosome

Coronary Artery Disease: Why We should Consider the Y Chromosome

Chromosomal assignment of quantitative trait loci influencing baseline circulating total cholesterol level in male laboratory mice: report of a consomic strain survey and comparison with published results

Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Mice With XX Versus XY Sex Chromosomes

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