Effect of the phenological stage on the chemical composition, and antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L essential oil and its polyphenolic extract

Method for Attaining Rosemary Essential Oil with Differential Composition from Dried or Fresh Material

“…Another study used 2 h hydrodistillation time to extract the essential oil from air-dried leaves of rosemary 7 , and third study used 3 h for hydrodistillation of rosemary 6 .…”

“…Rosemary herbage is used in the preparation of various dishes. Rosemary extract and essential oil have been and continues to be used as the main constituent of various balsamic preparations for Traditionally, the essential oil of rosemary has been extracted via steam distillation as it is the easiest and the most economical method, although other extraction methods such as hydrodistillation 6,7 , supercritical CO 2 extraction 8,9 , and innovative hydrodiffusion and gravity MHG 10 also have been shown to hold promise. Microwave irradiation was also proposed as a useful pre-treatment to improve the conventional steam distillation of rosemary 11 .…”

Characterization of the Biological Potential of the Essential Oils from Five Species of Medicinal Plants

“…Jordan et al [34] stated that the essential oil from R. officinalis has a significant antioxidant potential for radical capture methods like the ABTS method. The authors report that essential oils with significant levels of γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, terpinolene and caryophyllene oxide present a significant activity.…”

Supplementation effects of seleno-compounds, carnosic acid, and fish oil onconcentrations of fatty acids, tocopherols, cholesterol, and amino acids in the livers of lambs

“…Interestingly, carnosic acid (CA; an antioxidant) is used as a preservative in food (8,13). Moreover, CA (a phenolic diterpene) can modify gut microbiota, resulting in changes of the ruminal bacterial metabolism (14).…”