Effect of the low- versus high-intensity exercise training on endoplasmic reticulum stress and GLP-1 in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

[Purpose] The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of low-intensity exercise training compare with high-intensity exercise training on endoplasmic reticulum stress and glucagon-like peptide-1 in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus. [Subjects and Methods] The low-intensity exercise training group performed aerobic exercise training at an intensity of ≤ 45% of the heart rate reserve. The high-intensity interval exercise training group performed interval exercise training at an intensity of ≥ 80% of the heart rate reserve. The exercise-related energy consumption was determined for both groups on a per-week basis (1,200 kcal/week). [Results] Both groups showed improvement in the glucose-regulated protein 78 and dipeptidyl peptidase-4, but the size of the between-group effect was not statistically significant. The high-intensity interval exercise training group showed a significant reduction in percentage body fat. The C-peptide level increased after the 12-weeks programs and was significantly different, between the groups. Fasting glucose, insulin resistance in the fasting state according to homeostasis model assessment, and leptin decreased after the 12-weeks exercise program and were significantly different between the groups, and glucagon-like peptide-1 increased after the 12-week exercise programs and was significantly different between the groups. [Conclusion] In conclusion high-intensity interval exercise training, as defined in this study, may lead to improvements in body composition, glycemic control, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the glucagon-like peptide-1 in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pathophysiology of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

“…Lee et al showed higher GLP-1 levels after high intensity vs. low intensity exercise, with matched energy expenditures [122]. …”

Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV as a Muscle Myokine

“…There are two studies in humans that measure plasma DPP-IV after exercise training. Lee et al (2015) studied adolescents with type 2 diabetes and measured a variety of outcomes after 12 weeks of high or low intensity exercise training. The high intensity training group lost weight and saw a decrease in insulin.…”

A self-monitoring approach for evaluating the effect of 3 weeks of high-intensity training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. An intervention study

“…We found a marked difference between the degree of glycaemic control assessed by fasting blood glucose ( Figure 2) which remained constant (baseline: 7.33±1.97 mmol/l; post-test: 6.97±1.5 mmol) and 2h OGTT (baseline: 10.9±3.5 mmol/l; post-test: 9.89±3.2) which decreased significantly (P = 0.047). Previous studies report divergent results of HIT on fasting blood glucose [12,[16][17][18][19]. These discrepancies could be rooted in the general limitation associated with using fasting blood glucose as a measure of glycaemic control, viz.…”

“…Other studies report variable effects of training on fat percentage and weight. Some show a positive effect on both weight and fat% [12,17], whereas others show an effect only on fat% [16] or weight [19]; and others again found no loss of either fat or weight [11,18]. The diversity in findings could be attributed to the diversity in methods applied.…”

“…Monitoring the effect of training, most prior research has deployed invasive technologies such as tissue biopsies, blood tests and ultrasound [11,[16][17][18][19]. These technologies command expert knowledge and special equipment, which is usually available only at hospitals or dedicated facilities.…”