Effect of the Frequency of Feeding Pregnant Sows on Carcass Composition and Thermostability of the Neonatal Pig

Williams, P. E. V.; Parker, R. O.; Young, Brian; Aherne, F. X.; Hardin, R. T.

doi:10.4141/cjas79-069

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Feeding frequency results in pregnant sows has been contradictory in experiments (Williams et al, 1979;Michel et al, 1980;Wittman, 1986;Holt et al, 2006;Schneider et al, 2007). The discrepancies could be partly due to differences in methods of equalizing energy intake between different feeding regimes in the experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the significant findings in the current study was that sows fed 2× and 3× daily during gestation tended to wean 0.40 and 0.53 more piglets, respectively, than sows on the conventional feeding regime. Previously, Holt et al (2006) and Williams et al (1979) reported that feeding frequency had no effect on any litter performance traits. A plausible explanation for differences in results is the method of feeding between experiments.…”

Section: Effects Of Feeding Frequency Under Isocaloric Intake Per LIVmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The practice of feeding frequency in pregnant sows and its carryover effect in lactation are extensively studied using different approaches and methodologies to evaluate objectives such as increasing fetal fatty acids (Williams et al, 1979), reduction in labor cost of feeding (Michel et al, 1980), improving sow reproductive performance (Wittman, 1986), enhancement of nutrient utilization (Holt et al, 2006), and improvement in animal welfare (Jensen et al, 2012). However, feeding frequency results on performance have been contradictory in pregnant gilts and sows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of feeding frequency and sow parity based on isocaloric intake during gestation on sow performance

Manu

Lee²,

Ren

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding frequency and sow parity based on same rate of maintenance energy intake during gestation on sow performance. One hundred and seventy-seven sows [Topigs Norsvin 70, Landrace × Large White, Topigs Norsvin USA, Burnsville, MN; parity 3.80 ± 0.16; initial BW = 211.34 ± 3.37 kg; backfat (BF) 13.57 ± 0.54 mm] were blocked by parity, balanced for BW, and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments included sows fed corn-soybean meal-based diet 1× daily at 0730 h (control, T1), 2× daily [half ration at 0730 and 1530 h (T2)], or 3× daily [a third portion at 0730, 1130, and 1530 h (T3)], with daily feed quantity kept at 1.25 × maintenance energy intake [100 × (BW) 0.75 ] kcal ME/d. Treatments were imposed from day 30 of gestation. Sows received on average 6,921, 7,129, and 7,399 kcal ME/d from days 30 to 60, days 61 to 90, days 91 to 109 of gestation, respectively. Feeding frequency during gestation had no effect on lactation ADFI (P > 0.10). Sows fed 3× daily during gestation had improved lactation G:F (P = 0.040) compared with sows fed 2× but similar to control sows (P = 0.338). Treatment did not alter BW or BW variations during gestation, lactation, or from days 30 to wean (P > 0.10). Sows fed 2× daily had tendency to gain BF from day 30 to day 109 of gestation (P = 0.053) but tended to lose BF during lactation (P = 0.091) relative to the control sows. Feeding frequency (2× and 3× daily) tended to increase the number of piglets weaned by 0.40 (P = 0.056) and 0.53 (P = 0.098) piglets, respectively, compared with control sows. Sows fed 2× daily during gestation had reduced number of stillborn relative to control sows (P = 0.035). From day 30 to wean, gilts had propensity to lose BF relative to P1+ (P = 0.094), but lost BF compared with P3+ and P6+ sows (P = 0.003). Parity P6+ sows had highest percentage of both 72 h and preweaning piglet mortality than P0, P1+, and P3+ sows (P < 0.05). In conclusion, parity (P6+) had greater lactation BW gain but higher mortalities relative to lower parity sows. Sows fed 2× daily tended to gain BF from days 30 to 109 of gestation and had reduced number of stillborn relative to control sows. It appears that increasing gestation sow feeding frequency from 1× daily to 2× and 3× daily may reduce the number of stillborn and increase litter size at weaning although most of the reproductive traits were not affected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Feeding Frequency Under Isocaloric Intake Per LIVmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of feeding frequency and sow parity based on isocaloric intake during gestation on sow performance

Manu

Lee²,

Ren

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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Fat Metabolism in Growing Swine: A Review

Farnworth¹,

Kramer²

1987

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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At birth, piglets have little body fat that can be mobilized. The influx of high-fat milk causes a rapid increase in body fat stores and a depression of lipogenic enzyme activity. Conversely, lipolytic enzyme activity increases after birth. Changing the fat intake of sucking piglets affects the amount of fat deposition. The length of the sucking period also influences body composition at weaning. Weaning produces a pronounced but temporary decrease in total body lipid, despite an increase in fat synthesis. The effect of weaning on lipolysis is not clear due to a lack of experimental data. During the growing period, fat continues to build up even though lipogenic enzyme activity tends to decline with age. The composition of the diet, the sex of the animal and genetic factors have all been shown to influence the rate of lipogenesis. Fewer reports have been published in which factors affecting lipolysis have been studied and the results are often less conclusive. However, the combined activities of lipogenic and lipolytic processes do not account for the large quantity of body fat found in growing pigs. Key words: Swine, fat, lipogenesis, lipolysis, diet, sex.

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Effect of the Frequency of Feeding Pregnant Sows on Carcass Composition and Thermostability of the Neonatal Pig

Abstract: R. T. 1979. Effect

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of feeding frequency and sow parity based on isocaloric intake during gestation on sow performance

Effect of feeding frequency and sow parity based on isocaloric intake during gestation on sow performance

Fat Metabolism in Growing Swine: A Review

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