Effect of the crosslink functionality on the mechanical properties of crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole polymers as potential binders for rocket propellants

Song, Yuming; Wang, Ling; Gyanda, Reena; Sakhuja, Rajeev; Cavallaro, Mayra; Jackson, Daniel M.; Meher, Nabin K.; Ciaramitaro, David A.; Bedford, Clifford D.; Katritzky, Alan R.; Duran, Randolph S.

doi:10.1002/app.31426

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Crosslinker effects on the mechanical properties of conventional rubbers have been studied for many years and are well understood 7. We have recently studied the effect of crosslinker type and concentration on the mechanical properties of unfilled and filled crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole polymers 8, 9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of filler loading on the mechanical properties of crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole polymers

Katritzky¹,

Sakhuja²,

Huang³

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The effect of filler loading on the mechanical properties of crosslinked triazole polymers obtained by polymerization of E300 dipropiolate (1) with diazide (2) obtained from tetraethylene glycol using tetraacetylene functionalized crosslinker (3) was studied systematically. Aluminum (10-14 lm) was used as the primary filler during the formulations; the effect of secondary fillers such as aluminum (<75 lm), NaCl (45-50 and 83-105 lm) was studied with the increase in the total filler loading. The modulus of the aluminum-filled crosslinked triazole polymers increases with the increase in the filler content while using either particle sized aluminum powder. The use of Al (particle size <75 lm) and NaCl (particle size 45-50 lm and 83-105 lm) as secondary or additional fillers while using aluminum (10-14 lm) as the main filler, has a diminishing effect on the modulus and strain of the crosslinked triazole polymers. Triazole polymers described herein have the ability to wet and adhere to large quantities of these inorganic salts and thus maintain mechanical properties of the composite comparable to typical polyurethane elastomeric matrices, regardless of the chemistry of the particulate filler, which imparts an important and necessary binder characteristic for energetic composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of filler loading on the mechanical properties of crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole polymers

Katritzky¹,

Sakhuja²,

Huang³

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Similarly, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a well-known viscoelastic silicon rubber with a wide range of applications including contact lenses, lubricants, and antifoaming agents in the food industry 21 . PDMS was found to possess interesting mechanical properties that enabled it to be used as a modern binder, instead of the conventional polyurethane-based ones, for either explosive or propellant formulations [22][23][24] . Also, Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) is a commercial synthetic rubber widely used in the production of hoses, gloves, sealants, and footwear 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Different Polymeric Matrices on the Properties of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate

2021

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Six different polymeric matrices were fabricated to reduce the sensitivity of PETN (Pentaerythritol tetranitrate). The polymeric matrices used were individually based on Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) softened by plasticizer, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) softened by oil, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plasticised by dioctyl adipate (DOA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyurethane matrix, and Fluorel binder. A computerised plastograph mixer was utilised for producing three polymer-bonded explosives (PETN-NBR, PETN-SBR, and PETN-PDMS) based on the non-aqueous method. A cast-cured method was used to prepare PBX based on polyurethane (PETN-HTPB), while the slurry technique was used to prepare beads of PETN coated by either fluorel binder (PETN-FL) or based on PMMA forming (PETN-PMMA). The heat of combustion and sensitivities were investigated. The velocity of detonation was measured, while the characteristics of the detonation wave were deduced theoretically by the EXPLO 5 (thermodynamic code). The ballistic mortar experiment was performed to determine the explosive strength. By comparing the results, it was found that PDMS has the highest influence on decreasing the impact sensitivity of PETN, while the cast cured PETN-HTPB has the lowest friction sensitivity. On the other side, PETN-FL has the highest detonation parameters with high impact sensitivity. Several relationships were verified and the matching between the measured results with the calculated ones was confirmed.

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“…The synthesis of cross-linked polymers is one way to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of polymers; the cross-linking density in the polymer network and the molecular weight of the polymers between the crosslinking points have an effect on the properties of cross-linked polymers [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cross-linked polymers can be prepared via chemical (covalent or ionic bonds) or physical (hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals, or other interactions) cross-linking [12]. Chemical cross-linking polymerization is usually carried out in the presence of cross-linking agents to prepare highly crosslinked polymers with different degrees of cross-linking [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Cross-Linked Co-poly(itaconic anhydride-methyl methacrylate): The Effects of the Molar Ratio and Cross-Linking Agent on the Thermal Stability

Aldalbahi

Rahaman

El‐Faham

2020

International Journal of Polymer Science

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In the present work, a new series of cross-linked copolymers based on itaconic anhydride and methyl methacrylate were prepared employing free radical copolymerization in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator and 2-butanone as a solvent under microwave irradiation. The copolymers containing itaconic anhydride (ITA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were chosen due to the formation of long-term stable anhydride moieties, which might be useful to attach enzymes covalently with numerous applications in water treatment. The copolymerization process was carried out in the presence of two types of cross-linking agent, namely, ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) and divinylbenzene (DVB) in a range of 0-20% (w/w) to explore their effect on the thermal and stiffness properties of the obtained cross-linked copolymers. Increasing the ratio of the cross-linking agent, the copolymers prefer to precipitate rather than form a gel during the polymerization process. While using ethylene dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent, the copolymers change from porous to stiffness structures depending on the molar ratio of the monomers used during the polymerization. On the other hand, using divinylbenzene as a cross-linking agent, the stiffness structure was obtained in all cases and there is no effect observed for the monomer’s ratio or the percentage of cross-linking agent on the morphology of the prepared copolymers.

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Effect of the crosslink functionality on the mechanical properties of crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole polymers as potential binders for rocket propellants

Cited by 7 publications

References 78 publications

Effect of filler loading on the mechanical properties of crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole polymers

Effect of filler loading on the mechanical properties of crosslinked 1,2,3‐triazole polymers

Influence of Different Polymeric Matrices on the Properties of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Cross-Linked Co-poly(itaconic anhydride-methyl methacrylate): The Effects of the Molar Ratio and Cross-Linking Agent on the Thermal Stability

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