Effect of the composition of the initiating complex acyl halides/aluminium bromide on the cationic polymerization of isobutylene

Murachev, V. B.; Nesmelov, A. I.; Byrikhin, V. S.; Ezhova, E. A.; Зубов, В. П.

doi:10.1002/1097-0126(200006)49:6<501::aid-pi396>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…On the contrary, it was reported that RAlCl 2 ‐,27, 40 AlBr 3 ‐41 as well as TiCl 4 ‐coinitiated42 polymerization of isobutylene typically involved dimeric counteranions. In our opinion, the observed contradiction can be explained by the fact that we used a complex of Lewis acid with ED as coinitiator rather than free Lewis acid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Frolov

Kostjuk

Vasilenko

et al. 2010

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using CumOH/AlCl 3 OBu 2 /Py initiating system in a mixture CH 2 Cl 2 /n-hexane 60/40 v/v at À40 and À60 C is reported. The number-average molecular weights of the obtained polystyrenes increased with increasing monomer conversion (up to M n ¼ 85,000 g mol À1 ) although experimental values of M n were higher than the theoretical ones at the beginning of the reaction that was ascribed to slow exchange between reversible-terminated and propagating species. The molecular weight distribution became narrower through the reaction and leveled of at the value of M w /M n ¼ 1.8-2.0. A kinetic investigation revealed that the rate of polymerization was first-order in AlCl 3 OBu 2 concentration meaning that monomeric counteranion (AlCl 3 OH À or AlCl À 4 ) involved in the initiation and propagation steps of the reaction. It was also found that the rate of polymerization decreased with lowering temperature, which could be attributed to a decrease in concentration of free Lewis acid (AlCl 3 ), the true coinitiator of polymerization, because of an increase in the tightness of its complex with dibutyl ether.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Frolov

Kostjuk

Vasilenko

et al. 2010

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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show abstract

“…The nature of counteranion, i.e., dimeric or monomeric, is believed also to strongly influence the polymerization mechanism . For example, it was shown that AlBr 3 - or RAlCl 2 -catalyzed polymerization of isobutylene involved dimeric counteranions in the absence of electron donor additives or when the concentration of Lewis acid (LA) was considerably higher than concentration of ED. On the contrary, a first-order dependence on LA was observed for the cationic polymerization of styrene in the presence of equimolar concentration or excess of ED toward TiCl 4 or AlCl 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene Using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a Coinitiator: Synthesis of Highly Reactive Polyisobutylene

2010

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“…There are numerous literature reports of Lewis acid‐based initiating systems 20–22 . A Lewis acid‐based initiating system is typically composed of two parts: an initiator and a co‐initiator.…”

Section: Cationic Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in butyl rubber synthesis via cationic polymerization: an overview

Sharma

Mohanty

Gupta

2021

Polymer International

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The global market is anticipated to display considerable growth for synthetic rubber because of superior product properties in comparison to natural rubber. The high volatility in natural rubber prices has been a major driver for the growth of synthetic rubber. Butyl rubber is a type of synthetic rubber mostly used in tyres and tubes, sealants, adhesives, protective clothes, pharmaceutical stoppers and closures, etc. The growing demand for butyl rubber in the automobile, construction and healthcare sectors has attracted researchers to explore various types of cationic co‐initiators. Cationic initiating systems play a vital role in controlling polymer microstructure, molecular weight, unsaturation content, etc. The present review covers numerous developments in the field of cationic copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene. The review summarizes the chemistry of initiating systems based on boron, aluminium, aluminoxane, zinc, metallocenes and rare earth metals. It also gives brief information about the commercial process (slurry and solution) and structural characterization of butyl rubber. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry

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Effect of the composition of the initiating complex acyl halides/aluminium bromide on the cationic polymerization of isobutylene

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene Using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a Coinitiator: Synthesis of Highly Reactive Polyisobutylene

Advances in butyl rubber synthesis via cationic polymerization: an overview

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Effect of the composition of the initiating complex acyl halides/aluminium bromide on the cationic polymerization of isobutylene

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl3OBu2 as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl3OBu2 as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene Using AlCl3OBu2 as a Coinitiator: Synthesis of Highly Reactive Polyisobutylene

Advances in butyl rubber synthesis via cationic polymerization: an overview

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Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Controlled cationic polymerization of styrene using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a coinitiator: Toward high molecular weight polystyrenes at elevated temperatures

Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene Using AlCl₃OBu₂ as a Coinitiator: Synthesis of Highly Reactive Polyisobutylene