Effect of the chiral chemical potential on the position of the critical endpoint

Wang, Bin; Wang, Yong-Long; Cui, Zhu-Fang; Zong, Hong-Shi

doi:10.1103/physrevd.91.034017

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Both results contradict the model studies. In another curious twist, the lQCD results were confirmed in studies [35,36] that produced solutions of the dressedquark gap equation at (µ, µ 5 , T ) > 0 using an interaction kernel which has typically produced sensible results for hadron properties in-vacuum [37,38]. We are thus presented with a quandary: how might one understand and reconcile this marked contradiction between simple, but apparently robust chiral-model predictions on one hand, and lQCD and well-constrained Dyson-Schwinger equation (DSE) studies on the other?…”

supporting

confidence: 55%

Critical end point in the presence of a chiral chemical potential

Cui

Cloët

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. D

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A class of Polyakov-loop-modified Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) models have been used to support a conjecture that numerical simulations of lattice-regularized quantum chromodynamics (QCD) defined with a chiral chemical potential can provide information about the existence and location of a critical endpoint in the QCD phase diagram drawn in the plane spanned by baryon chemical potential and temperature. That conjecture is challenged by conflicts between the model results and analyses of the same problem using simulations of lattice-regularized QCD (lQCD) and wellconstrained Dyson-Schwinger equation (DSE) studies. We find the conflict is resolved in favor of the lQCD and DSE predictions when both a physically-motivated regularization is employed to suppress the contribution of high-momentum quark modes in the definition of the effective potential connected with the PNJL models and the four-fermion coupling in those models does not react strongly to changes in the mean-field that is assumed to mock-up Polyakov loop dynamics. With the lQCD and DSE predictions thus confirmed, it seems unlikely that simulations of lQCD with µ5 > 0 can shed any light on a critical endpoint in the regular QCD phase diagram.PACS numbers: 12.38. Mh, 25.75.Nq, 12.38.Aw I. Introduction. One of the most basic questions in the Standard Model refers to unfolding the state of stronglyinteracting matter at extreme temperature and density: the former existed shortly after the Big-Bang and the latter is thought to exist in the core of compact astrophysical objects. Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is supposed to provide the answer, which hinges on the existence and interplay between color confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB), two emergent phenomena whose domains of persistence and disappearance characterize a potentially very rich phase structure. Confinement is most simply defined empirically: those degrees-of-freedom used in defining the QCD Lagrangian (gluons and quarks) do not exist as asymptotic states, i.e. these partonic excitations do not propagate with integrity over length-scales that exceed some modest fraction of the proton's radius. The forces responsible for confinement appear to generate more than 98% of the mass of visible matter [1,2]. This is DCSB, a quantum field theoretical effect that is expressed and explained via, inter alia, the appearance of momentum-dependent massfunctions for quarks [3][4][5][6] and gluons [7][8][9][10][11][12], and helicityflipping terms in quark-gauge-boson vertices [13][14][15][16][17][18], all in the absence of any Higgs-like mechanism.Owing to the complexity of strong interaction theory, attempts are often made to develop insights concerning confinement, DCSB, and the associated phase diagram in

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supporting

confidence: 55%

Critical end point in the presence of a chiral chemical potential

Cui

Cloët

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. D

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“…Besides within effective models, the phase diagram of QCD in the (µ 5 , T )-plane was studied in papers [42,43] in a framework of Dyson-Schwinger equations. The authors of these papers found that the critical temperature rises with µ 5 and the "phase transition" actually is always a crossover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-color QCD with non-zero chiral chemical potential

Брагута

Goy

Ilgenfritz

et al. 2015

J. High Energ. Phys.

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The phase diagram of two-color QCD with non-zero chiral chemical potential is studied by means of lattice simulation. We focus on the influence of a chiral chemical potential on the confinement/deconfinement phase transition and the breaking/restoration of chiral symmetry. The simulation is carried out with dynamical staggered fermions without rooting. The dependences of the Polyakov loop, the chiral condensate and the corresponding susceptibilities on the chiral chemical potential and the temperature are presented. The critical temperature is observed to increase with increasing chiral chemical potential.

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“…Different approaches have appeared in the recent literature trying to understand this discrepancy, e.g. studies based using phenomenological quark-gluon interactions in the framework of the Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSE) for the quark propagator 7,8 and nonlocal finite-range NJL models 19,20 find a T c increasing with µ 5 . A qualitative agreement with the lattice results for T c was also found in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%