Effect of target change during the simple attack in fencing

Gutiérrez-Dávila, Marcos; Rojas, Francisco Javier; Caletti, Matteo; Antonio, Raquel de Luna; Navarro, Enrique

doi:10.1080/02640414.2013.770908

Cited by 31 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Significantly, greater sword velocity in elite fencers has been attributed to more than arm extension velocity alone, with sword arm movement in coordination with the lower limb lunge distinguishing skilled from novice fencers (Yiou and Do 2000). Research has demonstrated that more skilled fencers coordinate timing of the lead kick out foot more effectively, with a delay between sword movement and foot movement (Gutiérrez-Dávila et al 2013), however this has not explained where additional propulsion, underpinning sword velocity, is generated. Rear knee range of motion and peak rear hip flexion have been identified as significant predictors of sword velocity (Bottoms et al 2013), however the relationship between the two has not been explored further.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An applied paradigm for simple analysis of the lower limb kinematic chain in explosive movements: an example using the fencing foil attacking lunge

Mulloy

Mullineaux

Graham-Smith

et al. 2018

International Biomechanics

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A simple method to quantify the kinematic chain in a propulsive task would facilitate assessment of athlete effectiveness. The study's aim was to assess if the kinematic chain distinguishes between skill levels. Fencers were separated into two groups based on attacking lunge ability (7 skilled; 8 novices). Rear leg 3D joint angular extension velocity magnitudes and timings, sword kinematics and rear leg kinetics were obtained in the propulsion phase of the attacking lunge. Skilled fencers obtained greater sword velocity (3.24 ± 0.24 m•s−1 vs. 2.69 ± 0.29 m•s−1; p = 0.02). The skilled group had a greater sequential kinematic chain of the hip, knee and ankle, demonstrated by significantly greater ankle angular velocity (9.1 ± 2.1 rad·s−1 skilled; 5.4 ± 2.9 rad·s−1 novice). Ankle plantarflexion velocity showed a strong positive correlation with horizontal peak force (r = 0.81; p < 0.01). The skilled group demonstrated greater horizontal impulse (1.85 ± 0.29 N·s·kg−1 skilled; 1.45 ± 0.32 N·s·kg−1 novice), suggesting greater effectiveness in applying the kinematic chain towards horizontal propulsion. Analysis of the kinematic chain, which was able to distinguish between skill levels in a propulsive task, is an effective and simple paradigm to assess whole limb contributions to propulsive movements.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An applied paradigm for simple analysis of the lower limb kinematic chain in explosive movements: an example using the fencing foil attacking lunge

Mulloy

Mullineaux

Graham-Smith

et al. 2018

International Biomechanics

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“…Other researchers have discussed the significance of the timing parameters of the reaction response time (RRT) in the fencer's efficiency [4,12,13]. They found that the relationship between the RRT and the kinematic parameters of a lunge depends on target change [15]. Also interesting is the observation that when the target changes, the temporal sequence of the movement pattern does not change appreciably [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original research papers. Kinematic Characterisation of the Lunge and the Fleche in Epee Fencing: Two Case Studies

Bober

Rutkowska-Kucharska

Jaroszczuk

et al. 2016

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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Introduction. The aim of this study was to characterise the whole body dynamics and upper and lower joint kinematics during two common fencing steps: the lunge and the fleche. Material and methods. Two male competitive epee fencers were studied. Kinematics data were collected at 120 Hz (BTS Smart system) and ground reaction forces were measured at 120 Hz (Kistler platform). The resultant centre of gravity and end segment velocities were calculated. Temporal events were referenced to the horizontal ground reaction force. Time domain linear joint velocities were extracted. Results. At the whole-body level, the resultant centre of gravity velocity was higher during the fleche (2.64 and 2.89 m/s) than during the lunge (1.94 and 2.21 m/s). At the joint level, the wrist and elbow attained their peak velocities earlier than the proximal joint for both the lunge and the fleche for both athletes. Conclusions. The sequence of peak segmental velocities followed a distal to proximal sequence for both fencing steps.

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“…In other words, the participants had already begun strike when the opponent started 35 presenting target and counter-strike stimuli at about 50ms. Additionally, the mean times (SDs) of the 36 opponent's counter-strikes (from his right heel rising from the floor to his sword reaching the 37 participants' head) were 168 (6.1) and 171 (9.8) ms for the expert and intermediate groups, 38 respectively. Also, there was no significant difference between the groups (t (14) = 1.74, p = .10, r 39 = .42).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expertise Differences in Movement Switching in Kendo Players

Usui

Okumura

Kudo

2018

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

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18To succeed in many sports, players must not only adjust their movements during execution in 19 response to environmental changes, but also switch to different movements altogether. Previous 20 studies have implicated executive functions in movement switching ability. We aimed to clarify 21 expertise differences in movement adjustment and switching, and compared performance on three 22 tasks of target striking between expert and intermediate kendo players as participants. Task 1 was a 23 simple strike, whereby participants struck targets at one position; Task 2 was an adjusted strike, 24 whereby participants struck targets at three positions in a random order. Task 3 was strike-defense 25 switching, whereby participants struck targets as in Task 2 while were also required to switch to 26 defense when an opponent made a counter-strike. That is, the participants were required accurate strike 27 in Task 1 and 2 close to the kendo practices, and were required accurate strike and defense in Task 3 28 close to the real matches. We found no differences in strike movement time and accuracy in any of 29 the tasks between groups. However, expert players were able to execute successful strike-defense 30 switching in Task 3, whereas intermediate players were not. These results suggest that an expertise 31 difference exists in executive functions, and that it is essential for players to practice focused on 32 acquisition of switching skills in order to further improve their performance. 33 34

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Effect of target change during the simple attack in fencing

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

An applied paradigm for simple analysis of the lower limb kinematic chain in explosive movements: an example using the fencing foil attacking lunge

An applied paradigm for simple analysis of the lower limb kinematic chain in explosive movements: an example using the fencing foil attacking lunge

Original research papers. Kinematic Characterisation of the Lunge and the Fleche in Epee Fencing: Two Case Studies

Expertise Differences in Movement Switching in Kendo Players

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