Effect of tannins and saponins in Samanea saman on rumen environment, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tannins and saponins in Samanea saman on rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Four multiparous early-lactating dairy cows (Holstein-Friesian cross-bred, 75%) with an initial body weight (BW) of 405 ± 40 kg and 36 ± 8 day in milk were randomly assigned to receive dietary treatments according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The four dietary treatments were unsupplemented (control), supplemented with rain tree pod (S. saman) meal (RPM) at 60 g/kg, supplemented with palm oil (PO) at 20 g/kg, and supplemented with RPM at 60 g/kg and PO at 20 g/kg (RPO), of total dry matter (DM) intake. Cows were fed with concentrate diets at a ratio of concentrate to milk yield of 1:2, and chopped 30 g/kg of urea-treated rice straw was fed ad libitum. The RPM contained condensed tannins and crude saponins at 88 and 141 g/kg of DM respectively. It was found that supplementation with RPM and/or PO to dairy cows diets did not show negative effect on ruminal pH, blood urea nitrogen and milk urea nitrogen concentration (p > 0.05). However, supplementation with RPM resulted in lower ammonia nitrogen (NH3 -N) concentration (p < 0.05). In addition, propionic acid and milk production increased while acetic acid, acetic to propionic ratio, methane production, methanogens and protozoal population decreased with RPM and/or PO supplementation. Furthermore, addition of PO and RPO in the diets increased milk fat while supplementation of RPM resulted in greater milk protein and Fibrobacter succinogenes numbers (p < 0.05). The population of Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Ruminococcus albus were not affected by any treatments. The findings on the present study showed that supplementation with RPM and RPO to diets of cows improved the rumen environment and increased milk yield, content of milk protein and milk fat.

Effect of Inclusion of <i>Albizia saman</i> Pods in the Diet on the Performances of Dairy Cows

“…This findings was consistent with the report of Anantasook et al (2015), who observed that the supplementation of ASP into the basal diets of dairy cows improved the rumen environment and increased milk yield contents (protein and milk fat). It could be due to the higher amount of readily fermentable carbohydrate (sugar) contained in ASP.…”

In vitro rumen fermentation and methane production as affected by rambutan peel powder

“…Some natural plants and fruits rich in tannins and saponins have been shown to selectively modulate the rumen microbial populations (Wallace 2004) resulting in an improvement of rumen fermentation, especially propionate and a decrease in methane production (Kamra et al 2008). In addition, methanogens and protozoa populations were decreased when supplementation of plants rich in tannins and saponins, resulting in enhancing VFA production, especially propionate (Pilajun and Wanapat 2013;Anantasook et al 2015), which was also reflected in methane inhibition. Anantasook et al (2016) reported that propionate was increased, while protozoal population and methane production were decreased by supplementation of T. chebula Retz.…”

“…Protozoa provide hydrogen as a substrate for methanogenesis carried out by methanogens (Morgavi et al 2010). A decrease in methane production by tannins and saponins in Samanea saman could be mediated through a direct effect on protozoa and methanogens (Anantasook et al 2015). Poungchompu et al (2009) reported that supplementation of mangosteen peel and soapberry fruit pellet containing tannins and saponins at 4% of DM intake resulted in a significant decrease in methane production and protozoa population, but without affecting the methanogens in dairy heifers.…”

Potential use of Spartina alterniflora as forage for dairy cattle

“…Four late-lactating Holstein dairy cattle (5-6 years of age, 437 ± 23 kg BW) outfitted with ruminal cannulas were utilized. The experimental design was a 4 × 4 Latin square (Khejornsart et al, 2011;Anantasook et al, 2015) with 18 d periods, each of which consisted of a 15 d feeding prophase followed by a 3 d collection period of rumen liquid. The total experiment comprised four periods.…”