Effect of take‐all root infections on nitrate uptake in winter wheat

Schoeny, Alexandra; Devienne-Barret, Florence; Jeuffroy, M. H.; Lucas, Philippe

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00803.x

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Other enzymes produced by Ggt are responsible for degradation of the components of plant cell walls (Annis and Goodwin, 1997). Defense plant reactions such as increased root production and increased root uptake of Ggt infected plants during early phase of the epidemic were also reported (Bailey and Gilligan, 2004;Golldack et al, 2004;Schoeny et al, 2003). As suggested by other studies on root-rotting diseases, all these factors may affect plant hormonal balance and may induce hormonal and wounding responses within the plant with a direct affect on leaf growth and possibly A (Kirkegaard et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The effect of take-all disease on gas-exchange rates and biomass in two winter wheat lines with different drought response

et al. 2005

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There have been no studies of the effect of take-all on leaf gas-exchange rates, despite the fact that take-all severely restricts plant water and nutrient uptake, which results in significant biomass and grain yield reduction. Here we describe the effect of inoculation with Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) var. tritici (Ggt) on carbon assimilation rate (A) and biomass production of wheat plants grown under two water regimes. We show that the impact of Ggt inoculation on plant growth and leaf A may be through reduced photosynthetic capacity of the leaves and not water stress per se. The nature of this reduced photosynthetic capacity remains uncertain but may involve nutrient deficiency and different enzymes produced by the fungus. In each of the 3 years the experiment was conducted, Ggt significantly reduced A, i.e. at anthesis by 18% in 2000, 15% in 2001, and 12% in 2002. In agreement with other field studies, Ggt reduced tiller number and production of all plant components, mostly root dry mass and grain mass per plant. Highly significant negative correlations were found between disease rating and A in all years, showing that at disease ratings equal or higher than 3 (on a scale from 1 to 4) A could practically be zero. While A decreased, intercellular CO 2 concentration increased or did not change, and stomatal conductance was relatively high. In addition, A was more reduced under high than under low soil moisture content. These results support the idea that water stress per se did not contribute to the observed reduction of A. The mechanism of photosynthetic capacity reduction due to the Ggt root-rotting fungus is of interest as it may lead to the molecular mechanisms of plant resistance and ultimately to the development of take-all resistant plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The effect of take-all disease on gas-exchange rates and biomass in two winter wheat lines with different drought response

et al. 2005

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“…Effects on the efficiency of nutrient and water uptake have been demonstrated by a range of methods. Laboratory work has shown that infection can reduce ion uptake by root segments (Clarkson et al ., 1975), uptake of an eosin solution by wheat seedlings (Deacon & Henry, 1978), water uptake by seedlings (Kararah, 1976) and N uptake (Schoeny et al ., 2003). However, field data are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining variation in the effects of take‐all (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) on nitrogen and water uptake by winter wheat

Pillinger¹,

Paveley²,

Foulkes³

et al. 2005

Plant Pathology

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Two field experiments, in 1999 and 2000, were used to test whether reductions in root growth and function explained the effects of take-all on crop water and nitrogen uptake. The fungicide silthiofam was used to manipulate take-all independently of other factors. Soil water content was manipulated from heading to determine effects on disease progress and resource capture. Epidemic progress was significantly delayed in the presence of silthiofam, leading to reductions in disease in both experiments. Effects of silthiofam were reduced by increasing soil water late in the season, although only in 2000 did increased soil water content have a direct effect, leading to a higher rate of disease increase. Higher levels of disease in the absence of silthiofam did not affect root growth as measured by total root length density (TRLD), but did lead to significantly reduced healthy root length density (HRLD, a measure of functional roots) in both experiments. Only in 2000 were there any significant effects of increased take-all on water and nitrogen uptake. This was attributed to the higher TRLD in the (1999) crop, which allowed HRLDs to be maintained above a critical threshold (where water and nitrogen uptake start to be severely affected) despite loss of functional root to disease. The effects of take-all on nitrogen uptake were more likely to affect crop canopy size and duration than the relatively small effects observed on water uptake. Increasing soil water content allowed the crop to take up more water in absolute terms despite, in 2000, increasing levels of disease and reducing HRLD.

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“…Both experiments in this work were carried out in areas where the risk of take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis was low because the previous crop was a non-host of the fungus (Hornby, 1998). Take-all causes a progressive deterioration in root function as the season progresses, which affects nutrient accumulation negatively (Schoeny et al, 2003). This could indicate that delayed N application to crops infected with takeall could lead to reduced capture of that N and consequently reduced yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application timing on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of winter wheat in Ireland

Efretuei

Gooding²,

White³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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The objectives of this work were to determine the effects of initiating application of fertilizer nitrogen (N) to winter wheat at different growth stages (GSs) on grain yield and N use efficiency (NUE). A factorial experiment was carried out in two growing seasons (2011 and 2012) with five timings of first N application (GS 24/26 [tillering], GS 30, GS 31, GS 32 or GS 37) and an unfertilized control, two sowing densities (100 and 400 seeds/m 2 ) and a cattle slurry treatment (with or without slurry). The latter was included to simulate variation in soil N supply (SNS). Delaying the first application of N from the tillering stage until GS 30 had no significant effect on grain yield in either year. Further delaying the initial N application until GS 31 caused a significant yield reduction in 2011, in comparison to GS 30 application, but not in 2012. Differences in efficiency of recovery and use of fertilizer N by the crop among the first three application timings were small. There was no evidence to support alteration in the timing of the first application of N in response to low plant density. Slurry application did not influence SNS, so the interaction between SNS and fertilizer N application timing could not be determined. It is concluded that in order to maximise yield and NUE, the first N application should be applied to winter wheat between late tillering and GS 30 and that delaying the first N until GS 31 can lead to yield reductions compared to the yield obtained with earlier application.

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Effect of take‐all root infections on nitrate uptake in winter wheat

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

The effect of take-all disease on gas-exchange rates and biomass in two winter wheat lines with different drought response

The effect of take-all disease on gas-exchange rates and biomass in two winter wheat lines with different drought response

Explaining variation in the effects of take‐all (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) on nitrogen and water uptake by winter wheat

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application timing on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of winter wheat in Ireland

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