Effect of synthesis temperature of PEO-grafted PU/PS IPNs on surface morphology and in vitro blood compatibility

Abstract

When hydrophilic/hydrophobic polymers have a microdomain structure, platelet adhesion and activation are effectively suppressed by prohibition of the excessive assembly of glycoproteins and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption of the platelets on the surface. In this study, poly(ethylene oxide)-grafted hydrophilic polyurethane (PU)/hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were synthesized by varying the synthesis temperature to control the phase separation and the microdomain surface structure, and the effect of the degree of phase separation on the in vitro blood compatibility. The size of the dispersed PS-rich domains in the PU-rich matrix decreased, and the hydrophilicity also decreased as the synthesis temperature of the PS network during the IPN synthesis was decreased, as the phase separation was suppressed during the synthesis. The amount of the adsorbed bovine plasma fibrinogens (BPF) on the PEO-grafted PU/PS IPNs decreased as the synthesis temperature was decreased, and the in vitro adhesion of the platelets was also suppressed on the PEO-grafted PU/PS IPNs prepared at lower temperature. The microdomain structure on the surface affected the adhesion and the activation of the adhered platelets, and the suppression of the phase separation resulted in the decrease of the domain size, which also enhanced the blood compatibility of the PEO-grafted PU/PS IPNs.

Microbial Biofilm Infections in Tissue Implant: A Review

“…The hydrophilic polymers have vibrant chains that provide a large exclusion volume on surfaces in an aqueous atmosphere (such as the bloodstream) by holding a surrounding aqueous sheet, hence repelling the adhesion of molecular species [17][18][19][20], cells [21,22], and bacteria Surfactants are wetting agents that are used to reduce interfacial tension. They have an amphiphilic structure, meaning they have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments, so they can be eff ortlessly adsorbed onto the surface by merely dipping the device into the surfactant solution.…”

Fabrication of permeable tubular constructs from chemically modified chitosan with enhanced antithrombogenic property

“…Conventional approaches to enhance the anti‐thrombogenic property of vascular grafts or conduits generally involve surface and bulk modifications. In surface modifications, hemocompatible molecular structures such as poly(ethylene oxide),2 heparin,3 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC),4 and zwitterionic structure5, 6 are introduced onto the material surfaces either chemically via branching or grafting or physically via adsorption 7–23. Because surface coatings may be unstable for long‐term applications, a bulk material with anti‐thrombogenic property is desirable for the fabrication of vascular grafts or conduits.…”