Effect of Synthesis Temperature, Nucleation Time, and Postsynthesis Heat Treatment of ZnO Nanoparticles and Its Sensing Properties

Manzoor, Umair; Zahra, Fatima Tuz; Rafique, Sidra; Moin, Muhammad; Mujahid, Mohammad

doi:10.1155/2015/189058

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Within the range of our trials, since the 0.1 M concentration has the lowest reaction rate in the primary growth process and has high

Δ G^{°}

in the secondary growth process, we were thus led into choosing 0.1 M of KCl as our default growth choice in order to enhance the hexagon ZnO flake sizes with the annealing method for improving the degree of ZnO crystallinity [60]. Through this agglomeration process in combination with secondary nucleation on top of the ZnO seeding molecules formed in the primary growth, ZnO crystals, as shown as the final product in Figure 2c, can be obtained.…”

Section: Growth Mechanism Discussion and Further Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Annealing Temperature on ECD Grown Hexagonal-Plane Zinc Oxide

2018

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) offers a great potential in several applications from sensors to Photovoltaic cells thanks to the material’s dependency, to its optical and electrical properties and crystalline structure architypes. Typically, ZnO powder tends to be grown in the form of a wurtzite structure allowing versatility in the phase of material growths; albeit, whereas in this work we introduce an alternative in scalable yet relatively simple 2D hexagonal planed ZnO nanoflakes via the electrochemical deposition of commercially purchased Zn(NO3)2 and KCl salts in an electrochemical process. The resulting grown materials were analyzed and characterized via a series of techniques prior to thermal annealing to increase the grain size and improve the crystal quality. Through observation via scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, we have analyzed the statistics of the grown flakes’ hexagonal plane’s size showing a non-monotonal strong dependency of the average flake’s hexagonal flakes’ on the annealing temperature, whereas at 300 °C annealing temperature, average flake size was found to be in the order of 300 μm2. The flakes were further analyzed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm its hexagonal planes and spectroscopy techniques, such as Raman Spectroscopy and photo luminescence were applied to analyze and confirm the ZnO crystal signatures. The grown materials also underwent further characterization to gain insights on the material, electrical, and optical properties and, hence, verify the quality of the material for Photovoltaic cells’ electron collection layer application. The role of KCl in aiding the growth of the less preferable (0001) ZnO is also investigated via various prospects discussed in our work. Our method offers a relatively simple and mass-producible method for synthesizing a high quality 2D form of ZnO that is, otherwise, technically difficult to grow or control.

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“…Within the range of our trials, since the 0.1 M concentration has the lowest reaction rate in the primary growth process and has high

Δ G^{°}

Section: Growth Mechanism Discussion and Further Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Annealing Temperature on ECD Grown Hexagonal-Plane Zinc Oxide

2018

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“…During the sparking process in EDM machine, heat is dissipated. Hence, the nanoparticle is hot initially, and the purpose of this solution is to quench the temperature so that the nanoparticle can be retrieved and separate for other activities [11]. In this phase, samples need to be categorized according to parameter combinations.…”

Section: Figure 4: Schematic Diagram Of Edm Setup For Aluminium (Al2omentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Synthesis of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticle for Cost Minimization in Battery Electrode

Sulaiman¹,

Hassan²,

Bakar³

et al. 2019

IJRTE

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Abstract: Nanoparticle is hard to produce because the process is difficult, and the material amount is always insufficient. In conjunction, a high amount of cost will be used to produce nanoparticle. In addition, the current material to produce nanoparticle are expensive, hard to obtain and depleting. Hence, research is followed by extraction of the nanoparticle. Then, the samples were measured and characterize the Al2O3 nanoparticle. Currently, the size of Al2O3 nanoparticle obtained is 800nm. Hence, the experiment will be proceeded in order to achieve Al2O3 nanoparticle size from 1nm to 100nm. The aluminium nanoparticle should be improved in all aspects compare to the current material nanoparticle. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) was introduced to solve the problem exist with the current nanoparticle. In this paper, research was conducted for the manufacturer to provide a large amount of fine Al2O3 nanoparticle hence cost saving. Electric Discharge Machine (EDM) was used to produce the nanoparticle. Several stages will be drafted put in this paper in order to achieve the objectives. The stages involved was developed a new chamber for Al2O3. The next stage is to use this device and synthesis of the nanoparticle. This

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“…For example, ZnO nanoflowers with a star like structure composed of nanorods can be used in optoelectronic devices and solar cells, 31 and ZnO nanoparticles can be active materials for gas sensor applications. 32 Whereas, ZnO microflowers can act as a scattering layer for ZnObased dye-sensitized solar cells with enhanced conversion efficiency, 33 and as antimicrobial agents against Escherichia coli. 34 Furthermore, the single-source precursor use in the formation of diverse nanostructures is rare and remarkable compared to the literature reports with modified procedures and precursors to achieve desired morphologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%