Effect of Surfactant Te on the Formation of MnS Inclusions in Steel

Zheng, Lichun; Malfliet, Annelies; Wollants, Patrick; Blanpain, Bart; Guo, Muxing

doi:10.1007/s11663-017-1050-5

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is obvious that Te addition can change the morphology of sulfide inclusions according to the results above. Some studies have presented the mechanism of this phenomenon [15,17,18,19]. It is said that type II sulfide precipitates as a second phase during the solidification of steel and distributes on the boundary of the grain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So it will not react with oxygen or sulfur. Many studies have pointed out that Te treatment could effectively change the morphology of MnS inclusions [18,19,20]. In the research, the experimental study of Te treatment was presented, and the effect of different Te additions to steel related to S content on the morphology of sulfide will be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Control of MnS Inclusions in High- and Low-Sulfur Steel by Tellurium Treatment

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusion in steel is related to the machinability of steel. Controlling the type and shape of MnS inclusion has been a problem for the steelmaking process for a long time. The effect of tellurium (Te) treatment on the control of MnS inclusion is studied with experiments and discussion of sequential solidification. The result shows that Te addition to the high- and low-sulfur steel dominantly changes the size and shape of MnS inclusions in steel. The aspect ratio of inclusions in cast steel changes with Te/S ranges from 0 to 1.9, which offers an effective way to control the MnS type and thus to improve the machinability and mechanical properties of steel. With an excessive Te addition, no further improvement could be observed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of MnS Inclusions in High- and Low-Sulfur Steel by Tellurium Treatment

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the calculation by Factsage 7.2 is based on a normal equilibrium cooling model, and thus there may be a deviation of the calculation for temperature below solidus. It can be seen that the inclusions composed of Ca 2 SiO 4 , MgO, and CaS precipitated firstly in molten steel, which were transformed into Ca 3 MgSi 2 O 8 during the solidification process of steel, and subsequently the inclusions composed of spinel and CaS formed and their amount increased due to the reaction [4]. Therefore, it can be concluded that the equilibrated transformation trajectory of inclusions in 95CrMo steel during the cooling process was Ca 2 SiO 4 + MgO → Ca 3 MgSi 2 O 8 → Spinel + CaS, which was corresponding to the detected Type-1 inclusions.…”

Section: Formation Mechanism Of Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pure oxides were formed during the refining process or precipitated during the cooling process. The inclusions in Figure 10b composed of oxides and CaS formed during the transformation process of inclusions as reaction [4]. The generated CaS dissolved in the oxides, and the solubility degree of CaS in calcium aluminate was high; (2) Type-2 inclusions are pure MnS which nucleated homogeneously from about 1350 • C;…”

Section: Formation Mechanism Of Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to control the characteristics of inclusions, suitable calcium addition is always applied to modify the hard Al 2 O 3 -based inclusions into liquid or partially liquid inclusions, which is advantageous not only for diminishing their impact effect on the continuous casting and the properties of steel, but also for improving the manufacturing process, such as reducing the nozzle clogging possibility. Some calcium addition is useful to modify the morphology of MnS, such as changing strip shaped MnS to spindle shaped, which promoting steel isotropy [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Inclusion Characteristics in 95CrMo Steels with Different Calcium and Sulfur Contents

Long

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to study the effect of Ca and sulfur contents on the characteristics of inclusions, industrial experiments using 95CrMo steel were conducted. SEM-EDS detections and stereological analysis were used to probe the characteristics of inclusions, including their compositions, morphologies, size, number density, and distribution. The results indicate that there were mainly three types of inclusions in 95CrMo steel billets with 6–18 ppm Ca and 30–100 ppm S: inclusions with single-phased morphology mainly composed of oxides; isolated MnS/CaS-only inclusions; inclusions with multi-phased morphology. The three-dimensional inclusion size distribution suggests that there were more Type-1 inclusions with a small size in low S containing steels. The average diameter of all types of inclusions increased with increasing Ca or S content in 95CrMo steel, indicating that the formation of MnS and CaS coarsened their size. The density distribution of inclusions indicates that the more inclusions there are, the more easily they aggregate and collide. Moreover, it is presumably concluded that the formation of sulfide in the outer layer of oxide inclusions weaken the attraction between oxide inclusions. The equilibrated transformation and formation of inclusions during the cooling process of 95CrMo steel was discussed based on thermodynamic calculation. The equilibrated transformation trajectory of inclusions in 95CrMo steel during the cooling process was Ca2SiO4 + MgO → Ca3MgSi2O8 → Spinel + CaS, which was corresponding to the detected results. The precipitation regular of sulfide was obtained. The formation mechanism for three types of inclusions was discussed.

show abstract

Study on the High‐Temperature Evolution and Formation Mechanism of Inclusions in Te‐Treated Resulfurized Special Steel

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2021

steel research int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Te can effectively modify MnS inclusion to improve the anisotropy and machinability of steel. To figure out the mechanism of high‐temperature evolution and formation of inclusions, a high‐temperature confocal laser scanning microscope is used to in situ observe the performance of inclusions. In the steel with 22 ppm Te, Te mainly dissolves in MnS; no MnTe is generated. During the heating process, MnS inclusion remains solid state and no obvious phase change can be observed. In comparison, MnS–MnTe binary inclusion in the steel with 680 ppm Te forms a liquid phase due to the eutectic melting. The further increase of temperature causes the serious evaporation of Te. Based on scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive spectrometry analysis and in situ observation of inclusions at high temperature, the formation mechanism of inclusions during solidification is proposed.

show abstract

Effect of Surfactant Te on the Formation of MnS Inclusions in Steel

Cited by 34 publications

References 62 publications

Control of MnS Inclusions in High- and Low-Sulfur Steel by Tellurium Treatment

Control of MnS Inclusions in High- and Low-Sulfur Steel by Tellurium Treatment

Inclusion Characteristics in 95CrMo Steels with Different Calcium and Sulfur Contents

Study on the High‐Temperature Evolution and Formation Mechanism of Inclusions in Te‐Treated Resulfurized Special Steel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About