Effect of surface layers on diffusion processes and the resulting stress state in solids

Optimisation of interface roughness and coating thickness to maximise coating–substrate adhesion – a failure prediction and reliability assessment modelling

“…Multiplying both sides of Equation (11) with the gradient operator r and then substituting Equation (11) in Equation (12). This gives the differential equation which includes the effect of diffusion induced stress as:…”

“…[5,6] However, most of the research is based on the effects of residual stresses due to thermal expansion mismatch, and their effect on coating-substrate adhesion. [7][8][9][10] The evolution of diffusion-induced stresses in coatings was originally analysed by Podstrigach and Shevchuk [11]. Since then, some researchers [12][13][14][15][16][17] had made a series of studies of diffusion-induced stresses in coatings and had come up with experiments and numerical models to analyse coating-substrate debondment.…”

Predictive and prognostic modelling and simulation of coatings subject to corrosion and mechanical failures

“…Various mathematical models have been proposed to model the concentration and diffusion of corrosive species inducing stress in the system. The effects of diffusion stress has been investigated in [9]. A theory has been presented in [10] that describes the delamination initiation when ions migrate through conductive passages which are usually formed in the presence of water molecules in hydrophilic and low molecular weight regions.…”