Effect of sucrose on antioxidant activities and other health-related micronutrients in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-enriched sprouting Southern Vietnam brown rice

Nguyen, Binh Cao Quan; Shahinozzaman, Muhammad; Tien, Nguyen Thuy Kieu; Thach, Tran Ngoc; Tawata, Shinkichi

doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2020.102985

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Germination is a simple and inexpensive technique that causes changes in the nutritional and functional properties of germinated seeds. Germination can effectively activate endogenous enzyme activity in seeds and cause multiple physiological changes ( 10 ). Hence, it also increases the content of nutritional compounds such as polyphenols, ascorbic acid, thiamine, and especially, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ( 11 , 12 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Hypoglycemic Effects and Mechanism of GABA-Rich Germinated Adzuki Beans on T2DM Mice by Untargeted Serum Metabolomics

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases, and exploring strategies to prevent and treat diabetes has become extremely important. In recent decades the search for new therapeutic strategies for T2DM involving dietary interventions has attracted public attention. We established a diabetic mouse model by feeding mice a high-fat diet combined with injection of low-dose streptozotocin, intending to elucidate the effects and possible mechanisms of different dosages of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich germinated adzuki beans on the treatment of diabetes in mice. The mice were treated for 6 weeks either with increasing doses of GABA-enriched germinated adzuki beans, with non-germinated adzuki beans, with GABA, or with the positive control drug metformin. Then, the blood glucose levels and blood lipid biochemical indicators of all the mice were measured. At the same time, serum differential metabolite interactions were explored by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based serum metabolomic analysis. The results showed that body weight and fasting blood glucose levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). We also report improved levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, and serum creatinine. We observed a significant improvement in the homeostasis model assessment of the beta cell function and insulin resistance (HOMA-β and HOMA-IR) scores (P < 0.05) in the group of mice treated with the highest dose of GABA-enriched germinated adzuki beans. In addition, the metabolic profiles of the serum were analyzed, and 31 differential metabolites including amino acids and lipids were obtained. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, this was found to be correlated with nine significantly enriched metabolic pathways involving the up-regulation of levels of L-serine, SM (d18:1/22:1(13Z)), L-histidine, creatine, and 3-indoleacetic acid. Our data suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of GABA-enriched germinated adzuki beans on diabetic mice may be related to improving tryptophan metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, sphingosline metabolism, and the glycine, serine, and threonine metabolic pathways. This study provides a reference for the application of GABA-enriched germinated foods in type 2 diabetes and could provide a cue for searching biomarkers to be adopted for T2DM diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Hypoglycemic Effects and Mechanism of GABA-Rich Germinated Adzuki Beans on T2DM Mice by Untargeted Serum Metabolomics

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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“…γ-Aminobutyric acid contents were determined using a slightly improved colorimetric method ( 22 , 23 ). Germinating adzuki beans (2.5 g) were obtained, after which an appropriate amount of distilled water solution was added.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Accumulation in Germinating Adzuki Beans (Vigna angularis) by Vacuum Treatment and Monosodium Glutamate, and the Molecular Mechanisms

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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This study aimed to investigate the optimal hypoxic and monosodium glutamate (MSG) stress conditions for the enrichment of γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) in germinating adzuki beans and to reveal the potential underlying molecular mechanisms of GABA accumulation. Using single-factor experiments and response surface model, we investigated the effects of germination time, germination temperature, vacuum time, and MSG concentration on GABA contents, and further explored the activity and gene expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) critical rate restriction enzymes during GABA synthesis. The optimal soaking temperature, soaking time, and pH conditions were 35°C, 16 h, and 5, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal germination conditions for optimal GABA enrichment were 48 h, 1.99 mg/ml MSG concentration, germination temperature of 31.49°C, and vacuum time of 15.83 h. Under such conditions, the predicted GABA concentration was 443.57 ± 7.18 mg/100 g, with no significant difference between the predicted and experimental data. The vacuum + MSG (FZM) treatment has a maximum contribution rate of GABA to 38.29%, which significantly increase GABA content, and the increase was associated with increased GAD and PAO activity. In addition, MSG in combination with vacuum treatment could significantly induce VaGAD4 and VaGAD6 genes in 2 days germination of adzuki beans. According to the results of the present study, vacuum + MSG treatment is an effective approach to enhancing GABA accumulation in germinating adzuki beans, which could be employed in enhancing the functional quality of germinating adzuki beans.

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“…The defense-related genes including chalcone synthase and other related proteins are inducible by soluble sugars explaining the role of sucrose in enhancing secondary metabolites in sprouts [ 95 ]. In GABA accumulation, sucrose plays a role in the activation of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) which eventually elevates the GABA content of sprouts [ 96 , 97 ]. However, sucrose was also found to suppress the growth of some seeds [ 92 ], a phenomenon which may be due to oxidative stress and water deficiency caused by sucrose in seedlings [ 95 ].…”

Section: Recent Novel Approach For Enhancing Biological Activities Of Sproutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During germination, seedlings can perceive a broad spectrum of the wavelengths of light [ 98 ]. Therefore, irradiation has become one of the known methods for enhancing the bioactive compounds in sprouting seeds [ 97 , 98 ]. However, the effect of radiation in seedling cellular processes and metabolite biosynthesis can be positive or negative depending on the dose and duration of application [ 99 ].…”

Section: Recent Novel Approach For Enhancing Biological Activities Of Sproutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edible Plant Sprouts: Health Benefits, Trends, and Opportunities for Novel Exploration

et al. 2021

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The consumption of plant sprouts as part of human day-to-day diets is gradually increasing, and their health benefit is attracting interest across multiple disciplines. The purpose of this review was to (a) critically evaluate the phytochemicals in selected sprouts (alfalfa, buckwheat, broccoli, and red cabbage), (b) describe the health benefits of sprouts, (c) assess the recent advances in sprout production, (d) rigorously evaluate their safety, and (e) suggest directions that merit special consideration for further novel research on sprouts. Young shoots are characterized by high levels of health-benefitting phytochemicals. Their utility as functional ingredients have been extensively described. Tremendous advances in the production and safety of sprouts have been made over the recent past and numerous reports have appeared in mainstream scientific journals describing their nutritional and medicinal properties. However, subjects such as application of sprouted seed flours in processed products, utilizing sprouts as leads in the synthesis of nanoparticles, and assessing the dynamics of a relationship between sprouts and gut health require special attention for future clinical exploration. Sprouting is an effective strategy allowing manipulation of phytochemicals in seeds to improve their health benefits.

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Effect of sucrose on antioxidant activities and other health-related micronutrients in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-enriched sprouting Southern Vietnam brown rice

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Revealing the Hypoglycemic Effects and Mechanism of GABA-Rich Germinated Adzuki Beans on T2DM Mice by Untargeted Serum Metabolomics

Revealing the Hypoglycemic Effects and Mechanism of GABA-Rich Germinated Adzuki Beans on T2DM Mice by Untargeted Serum Metabolomics

Optimization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Accumulation in Germinating Adzuki Beans (Vigna angularis) by Vacuum Treatment and Monosodium Glutamate, and the Molecular Mechanisms

Edible Plant Sprouts: Health Benefits, Trends, and Opportunities for Novel Exploration

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