Effect of sucrose and plant growth regulators on callogenesis and preliminary secondary metabolic of different explant Myrmecodia tuberosa

Abstract

Sari YP, Kusumawati E, Saleh C, Kustiawan W, Sukartingsih. 2018. Effect of sucrose on callogenesis and preliminary secondary metabolic of different explant (Myrmecodia tuberosa). Nusantara Bioscience 10: 183-192. Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack is a medicinal plant that contains bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, tocopherols, phenols, and an abundance of minerals, that are useful as antioxidants. With the constant increases in popularity of the medicinal plant, the M. tuberosa is threatened by extinction if over-exploitation continues. Thus, the effort to conserve this plant is vital. Tissue culture is an alternative method to conserve and produce active compounds that are similar to those of the native ant nest plant with callus. The addition of certain compounds such as sucrose can affect the secondary metabolite content through in vitro plant or callus. The aim of this research was to find the explant sources (cotyledon, stem, tuber, and root), determine the best growth regulator to produce the callus, and evaluate the optimum sucrose concentration to enhance secondary metabolite production of the callus. The results showed that callus was obtained from all explant sources and all growth regulators. The best callus that was marked by a friable green and yellowish green callus was provided by cotyledon with the growth regulator of 2 mg⋅L-1 of 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) and 2 mg⋅L-1 of kinetin. Calli treated with 30 g of sucrose resulted in the best secondary metabolites, containing alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids.

Effect of Different Strenght of Medium on Germination and Seedling Growth of Tomato and Sucrose Effect on Biomass of Tomato Callus

“…In Gynura procumbens, the increase in biomass is also in line with the increase in sucrose concentration, with 5% being the most optimal concentration (Nurokhman et al, 2018). Some other studies generally recommend 3% sucrose to achieve the highest biomass, such as in Myrmecodia tuberosa (Sari et al, 2018), Digitalis lanata (Fatima et al, 2009), and Metroxylon sagu (Sumaryono et al, 2012). In this study, callus able to grow in media containing 0% sucrose until its reach stationary phase.…”

Pengaruh air kelapa sebagai sitokinin organik dan sukrosa terhadap pertumbuhan protocorm anggrek (Phalaenopsis hybrid MP 253 x F1 3363 (M)) in vitro

“…Cahaya sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan dan morfogenesis tanaman pada kultur in vitro (Zulkarnain, 2014). Kinetin dan sitokinin yang terlibat dalam pembentukan klorofil dalam kalus akan bekerja apabila terdapat cahaya (Sari et al, 2018).…”

“…Warna protocorm menunjukkan bahwa tingkat atau kandungan klorofil terkandung pada protocorm untuk warna protocorm yang paling baik yaitu pada perlakuan a2s0 dengan air kelapa 100 ml L -1 dan tanpa sukrosa dimana protocorm berwarna hijau. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Sari et al (2018), menunjukkan bahwa pada kombinasi 2,4 D dan kinetin pada media MS menyebabkan pembentukan kalus pada tanaman sarang semut dimana warna kalus di semua perawatan berkisar dari kuning dan hijau kekuningan. Variasi warna yang dihasilkan karena terdapat berbagai jenis regulator pertumbuhan.…”

Callus induction and antibacterial activity of various explants of Indigofera zollingeriana

“…This could be related to accumulation of antimicrobial (antibacterial) compounds that in turn activate diffrent responses to bacterial defence mechanisms. Furthermore Sari et al (2018) showed that concentrations of plant growth regulators influence rapid cell division and stimulate cell division and enlargement of Myrmecodia tuberosa's explants correlated to callus size and protein synthesis.…”