Effect of substrate temperature on the room-temperature ferromagnetism of Cu-doped ZnO films

H mediated room temperature ferromagnetism in Zn0.98Cu0.02O

“…This indicates the +2 valence state of the doped Cu ions in ZnCuO. However, the binding energy of Cu 2+ (931.0 eV) is smaller than the generally reported value of 933.6 eV in CuO [36].…”

“…However, the satellite peaks disappear, suggesting the lost of the d 9 configuration. Since the peak position of Cu 2P 3/2 is very close to that of Cu + in Cu 2 O, indicating that the doped Cu ions are mainly in +1 valence state [35,36].…”

First‐principles study of magnetic properties in Ag‐doped SnO2

“…Indeed, there are still some outstanding issues. For instance, a consensus on the influence of the native defect V O on the ferromagnetism in TM-doped SnO 2 has not yet …”

“…Subsequently, transition-metal (TM)-doped ZnO [2,3] and other non-magnetic metal oxide-based DMSs, like TiO 2 [4,5] and SnO 2 , have attracted a great deal of research attention and controversy over the past decade. Ogale et al [6] initially reported that ferromagnetism with a Curie temperature (T C ) close to 650 K and with a giant magnetic moment (about 7.5 AE 0.5 m B /Co) was discovered in a Codoped SnO 2 film.…”

The field emission of Cu‐doped ZnO

“…The standard (002) peak of ZnO is centered at 34.408, while those of Z1, Z2, CZ1, and CZ2 are located at 33.938, 34.008, 34.358, and 34.628, respectively. The lattice constants of the former three are therefore expanded, which results from the incorporation of Zn interstitial (Zn i ) or oxygen vacancy (V o ) at the low substrate temperatures [7,12]. Compared with Z1, the (002) peak of CZ1 is redshifted and this is also true for Z2 and CZ2, which implies that Cu doping reduces the density of Zn interstitials.…”