Effect of Substrate, Feeding Mode and Number of Stages on the Performance of Hybrid Constructed Wetland Systems

Melián, J.A. Herrera; Borreguero-Fabelo, Alejandro; Araña, J.; Peñate-Castellano, Néstor; Ortega-Méndez, José Alejandro

doi:10.3390/w10010039

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The negative removals of ammonia-N, phosphate, and sulfate ions are more likely to come from the leaching or degradation of the accumulated sludge, rather than from the mulch, which had been in operation for 1 year. In other works (e.g., [16]) with palm mulch, we have observed good physical and chemical stability of the substrate, both in vertical and horizontal CWs, once it became stabilized, after 2-3 months in operation. However, under the stringent conditions imposed to the reactors, a further degradation of the substrate cannot be rejected.…”

Section: Average Surface Loading Rates and Removalssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…As mentioned above, wastewater from the households was discharged directly into the seepage pit. The pit acted as a primary settler, making the influent more stable and reducing the concentration of the total suspended solids (TSS) as compared with other systems without a primary settler [16]. Table 1 shows the chemical and microbiological parameters of the influent.…”

Section: Features Of the Influentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effects of Plants on Pollutant Removal, Clogging, and Bacterial Community Structure in Palm Mulch-Based Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the effects of plants on the performance and bacterial community structure of palm mulch-based vertical flow constructed wetlands was studied. The wetlands were built in August 2013; one of them was planted with Canna indica and Xanthosoma sp., and the other one was not planted and used as a control. The experimental period started in September 2014 and finished in June 2015. The influent was domestic wastewater, and the average hydraulic surface loading was 208 L/m2d, and those of COD, BOD, and TSS were 77, 57, and 19 g/m2d, respectively. Although the bed without plants initially performed better, the first symptoms of clogging appeared in December 2014, and then, its performance started to fail. Afterwards, the wetland with plants provided better removals. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of Enterococci and Escherichia coli in the effluents suggests that a reduction in their biodiversity was caused by the presence of the plants. Thus, it can be concluded that the plants helped achieve better removals, delay clogging, and reduce Enterococci and E. coli biodiversity in the effluents.

show abstract

Section: Average Surface Loading Rates and Removalssupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Features Of the Influentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Plants on Pollutant Removal, Clogging, and Bacterial Community Structure in Palm Mulch-Based Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These are composed of substrates, plants, microorganisms, and wastewater and can be designed to remove nitrogen present in wastewaters with favorable results; although their elimination in CWs along with phosphorus is still a challenge [13]. In this sense, new design trends have been developed by combining different types of wetlands in a single system to achieve higher removal efficiencies of these pollutants [14,15], taking into account the transformation mechanisms in wetlands. For the elimination of total nitrogen, Norg must be transformed to N-NH 4 +, increasing the concentration of that already present in the wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater and the Development of Tropical Ornamental Plants in Partially Saturated Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetlands

Nakase

Zurita

Nani

et al. 2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vertical partially saturated (VPS) constructed wetlands (CWs) are a novel wastewater treatment system for which little information is known about its design parameters and performance under tropical climates. The objective of this study is to evaluate the nitrogen removal process from domestic wastewater and the production of tropical ornamental plants (Canna hybrids and Zantedeschia aethiopica) in VPS CWs at a mesocosms scale. Nine VPS CWs, with a free-flow zone of 16 cm and a saturated zone of 16 cm, were used as experimental units. Three units were planted with Canna hybrids., and three, with Zantedeschia aethiopica (one plant per unit); the remaining three units were established as controls without vegetation. They were fed with domestic wastewater intermittently and evaluated for the elimination of COD, N-NH 4 , N-NO 3 , Norg, NT, and PT. The results showed an increase in the removal for some pollutants in the vegetated systems, i.e., N-NH 4 (35%), Norg (16%), TN (25%), and TP (47%) in comparison to the unvegetated systems. While N-NO 3 removal showed better removal in 10% of the systems without vegetation, no significant differences were found (p > 0.05) for COD removal. The aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the VPS CWs favor the elimination of pollutants in the systems, and also the development of the tropical species evaluated in this study; good development was exhibited by a high growth rate and biomass production.

show abstract

“…In countries where cost is one of the major factors, low-cost alternative technology is more suitable to be applied. For this purpose, constructed wetlands (CWs) are seen as a viable option for application in developing countries, particularly by small communities, because the CWs are characterized by relatively low costs in capital, operation, and maintenance cost [8], [9]. These CWs involve interconnection of wetland plants, soils, and microorganisms supporting the wastewater treatment [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Stage in Designing Household Constructed Wetlands: Selection of a Suitable Aquatic Plant

Qomariyah¹,

Ramelan²,

Setyono³

et al. 2021

Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Constructing centralized wastewater treatment plant systems to serve and control city sanitation requirements is vastly expensive in developing countries. Consequently, employing decentralized wastewater treatment systems through utilizing constructed wetlands (CWs) for individual households should be promoted. In this study, the most appropriate aquatic species planted in constructed wetlands were examined for treating greywater at the household level in humid tropical regions. Three different decorative aquatic plants (i.e., Echinodorus palaefolius, Typha latifolia, and Cyperus alternifolius) were compared based on their performances. Also, three similar wetlands having a total working volume of 158.42 liters with a gravel sand filter were used in this study. One day, a period was allocated for the hydraulic retention time (HRT), which corresponds to the applied hydraulic loading rate of 115.5-and 150.5-mm d -1 for the first and second experiments, respectively. The high percentage removal of 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5), along with an aesthetic green view and minimum maintenance of decorative plants, was employed as the selection criteria. Insitu measurements were also undertaken for pH, temperature, and total dissolved solids. The findings indicate that the most significant BOD5 removal was with the Cyperus alternifolius plants, which showed a very high BOD5 removal rate (91.18%). The Cyperus alternifolus species were more resistant in full direct sunlight conditions and adaptable to grow in temporarily or fully submerged conditions. These results, therefore, suggest that Cyperus alternifolius is the most suitable plant species for the treatment of greywater in household CWs in the tropics.

show abstract

Effect of Substrate, Feeding Mode and Number of Stages on the Performance of Hybrid Constructed Wetland Systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

The Effects of Plants on Pollutant Removal, Clogging, and Bacterial Community Structure in Palm Mulch-Based Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands

The Effects of Plants on Pollutant Removal, Clogging, and Bacterial Community Structure in Palm Mulch-Based Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands

Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater and the Development of Tropical Ornamental Plants in Partially Saturated Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetlands

Initial Stage in Designing Household Constructed Wetlands: Selection of a Suitable Aquatic Plant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About