Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on Mycobacterium fortuitum mutation rates

Gillespie, Stephen H.; Basu, Saumyajit; Dickens, A; O’Sullivan, Denise M; McHugh, Timothy D.

doi:10.1093/jac/dki191

Cited by 95 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It can be used when the number of mutational events per culture is high, i.e., Ն30. This method has been used to estimate rates of mutation of S. pneumoniae to fluoroquin-olone resistance and of Mycobacterium fortuitum to fluoroquinolone, macrolide, and aminoglycoside resistance (9).…”

Section: Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Guide to Measuring Mutation Rates in Antibiotic Resistance

Pope

O’Sullivan

McHugh

et al. 2008

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Section: Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Guide to Measuring Mutation Rates in Antibiotic Resistance

Pope

O’Sullivan

McHugh

et al. 2008

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Secondly, because of simple and plastic genomes of bacteria, the emergence of resistant mutants for a class of antibiotics due to one used from that class is more likely than imagined, at least for the chance factor. Moreover, it had been elucidated earlier that a drug resistant mutant in a population of 10 6 -10 8 cells is most likely, without any involvement of the widely-talked-about R-plasmids, conferring resistance [28] . It is also consensus that mechanisms of drug resistance are multidimensional and there may be the expression of certain genes, beta-lactamase that degrades the applied beta-lactam or cephalosporin antibiotics [29] , or carbapenemases, degrading meropenem or imipenem or altered channels in the cell membrane that would disallow antibiotics for the entry into cells of the pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of multidrug resistant uropathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in Indian

Mishra

Debata

Padhy

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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Objective: To record surveillance, antibiotic resistance of uropathogens of hospitalized patients over a period of 18 months. Methods: Urine samples from wards and cabins were used for isolating urinary tract infection (UTI)-causing bacteria that were cultured on suitable selective media and identified by biochemical tests; and their antibiograms were ascertained by KirbyBauer's disc diffusion method, in each 6-month interval of the study period, using 18 antibiotics of five different classes. Results: From wards and cabins, 1 245 samples were collected, from which 996 strains of bacteria belonging to 11 species were isolated, during April 2011 to September 2012. Two Gram-positive, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), and nine Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii, Citrobacter sp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated. Both S. aureus and E. faecalis were vancomycin resistant, and resistant-strains of all pathogens increased in each 6-month period of study. Particularly, all Gram-negatives were resistant to nitrofurantoin and co-trimoxazole, the most preferred antibiotics of empiric therapy for UTI. Conclusions: Antibiograms of 11 UTIcausing bacteria recorded in this study indicated moderately higher numbers of strains resistant to each antibiotic studied, generating the fear of precipitating fervent episodes in public health particularly with bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and S. aureus. Moreover, vancomycin resistance in strains of S. aureus and E. faecalis is a matter of concern.

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“…The effect of a sub-inhibitory concentration against environmental bacteria is still unknown. It was reported that FQs at concentrations 10-100 times weaker than the MIC induced the expression of a functional gene (16), mutations (11), and morphological changes (33) at the single cell level. The concentrations detected in this study were lower than those.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoroquinolone (FQ) Contamination Does Not Correlate with Occurrence of FQ-Resistant Bacteria in Aquatic Environments of Vietnam and Thailand

et al. 2011

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Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) have been used worldwide for chemotherapy, animal husbandry, and aquaculture, and the occurrence of FQ-resistant (FQs r ) bacteria in natural environments has been reported. Plasmid-mediated transferable quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes are suspected to originate from the chromosomes of water-dwelling bacteria. However, the occurrence of and the potential reservoir of FQs r bacteria and PMQR genes in aquatic environments have not been elucidated. In this study, we detected FQs r bacteria and PMQR genes in aquatic environments in Thailand and Vietnam, and measured FQ contamination. Levels of contamination were greater Thailand (avg. 5130, max 46100 ng L −1 ) than in Vietnam (avg. 235, max 1130 ng L −1 ); however, the occurrence of FQs r bacteria was higher in Vietnam (~15%) than in Thailand (~7.0%), suggesting that contamination by FQs is not directly linked to the development of FQs r bacteria. Diverse taxonomic groups of FQs r -bacteria were identified, and one of the PMQR genes, qnrB, was detected from bacteria of environmental origin, not enteric bacteria. This suggests that the environmental bacteria are a potential reservoir of antibiotic resistance determinants even at un-contaminated sites.

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Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on Mycobacterium fortuitum mutation rates

Cited by 95 publications

References 36 publications

A Practical Guide to Measuring Mutation Rates in Antibiotic Resistance

A Practical Guide to Measuring Mutation Rates in Antibiotic Resistance

Surveillance of multidrug resistant uropathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in Indian

Fluoroquinolone (FQ) Contamination Does Not Correlate with Occurrence of FQ-Resistant Bacteria in Aquatic Environments of Vietnam and Thailand

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