Effect of stevioside and sodium salt of monoketocholic acid on glycemia in normoglycemic and diabetic rats

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of a commercial preparation of stevioside and a synthetic compound, sodium salt of monketocholic acid (MKC), administered per os (p.o.) and also adminstered via an osmotic pump, on glycemia in normoglycemic and diabetic Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced with alloxan, 100 mg/kg, i.p. Normoglycemic and diabetic rats were treated p.o. for five days either with physiological solution (1 ml/kg, controls), stevioside (20 mg/kg), MKC (4 mg/kg) and a combination of stevioside (20 mg/kg) and MKC (4 mg/kg). Apart from p.o. adminstration, stevioside and MKC were also administered via a subcutaneously (s.c.) implanted osmotic pump. During treatment and upon termination of the latter, glycemia was measured and the rats that were treated p.o. were subjected to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTTT) at a dose of 1 g/kg. Following this animals were anesthetized with urethane (0.75 g/kg, i.p.) and killed by cardiopunction to determine C-peptide levels in the serum. In all three groups of normoglycemic rats highest decrease in glucose levels was observed on the fourth day of the experiment. The stevioside + MKC combination showed a stronger hypoglycemic effect compared to individual treatments with stevioside and MKC (3.73:4.80:4.73 mmol/L). In the group of diabetic rats that received both substances via the osmotic pump, the hypoglycemic action was also stronger compared to the individual treatments with stevioside and MKC (16.15:18.89:18.75 mmol/L). The treatment of healthy rats with both substances p.o. caused no statistically significant difference in glycemia, whereas in diabetic rats the combination of stevioside + MKC showed a statistically significant decrease in glycemia compared to control values. In both groups of rats, treatment with stevioside and MKC and their combination prevented an increase in glucose concentrations in the OGTT. Only the administration of stevioside by osmotic pump yielded a statistically significant increase in the concentrations of C-peptide in the serum of healthy rats. Compared to controls, the concentrations of C-peptide in diabetic rats were significantly higher after treatment with either stevioside or its combination with MKC, irrespective of the mode of administration.

Influence of bile acid derivates on tramadol analgesic effect in mice

“…3,4). Similar findings were reported in the study of Raskovic et al in which no interaction of sodium salt of monoketocholic acid and stevioside was detected regarding hypoglycaemic effect in healthy rats, whilst interaction was detected in diabetic rats (Raskovic et al 2008).…”

Evaluation of the euglycemic effect of oral administration of S. rebaudiana B. cultivated in Mexico in normoglycemic and induced-diabetic rats

“…[11] In this context, the administration of 100 mg/kg of S. rebaudiana is equivalent to 4.58 mg/kg of stevioside in Morita variety, while in Criolla variety it is equivalent to 15.21 mg/kg of stevioside (Table 2) which in both cases are much less than that the dose used by Jeppesen et al (2002). [11] Administration of stevioside in diabetic rats at doses of 20 mg/kg for 14 days, [27] 25 mg/kg for 6 weeks, [12] or 30 mg/kg for 3 weeks [13] has shown antihyperglycemic effect during oral or intravenous glucose tolerance tests. In these studies the dose of stevioside are higher than that used in this study, administration was for several days and with a different diabetes model.…”

Influence of Bile Salts as Excipients in Ranitidine, Aminophylline and Phenobarbital Tablets on Dissolution Rate

“…Cholic acid keto derivates prolonged the analgesic effect of lidocaine [9]. Pharmacological studies on promotory action of keto derivates of cholic acids, first of all of 12-monoketocholic acid indicates that keto derivatives of bile acids are of growing interest from a biomedical point of view [10][11][12][13]. Bile acids have also been studied as permeability enhancers of other biological membrane such as skin, cornea and the blood-brain barrier [14].…”