Effect of steam treatment on the chemical composition of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and identification of the extracted carbohydrates and other compounds

Väisänen, Taneli; Kilpeläinen, Petri; Kitunen, Veikko; Lappalainen, Reijo; Tomppo, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.01.055

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The O x class dominated in RT and HR; this class includes different types of oxygenated compounds. The hemp leaves contain more nitrogen than the other parts of the plant [ 41 ] and this can also be seen in the results; the N y and N y O x compounds were detected at a higher abundance in the leaf samples as compared to the hurds and roots.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…According to [ 41 ], the hemicellulose content of hemp leaves was 254 mg g −1 , cellulose 96 mg g −1 , lignin 166 mg g −1 , and protein 247 mg g −1 while fresh hemp stalk contained hemicelluloses 269 mg g −1 , celluloses 396 mg g −1 , lignin 218 mg g −1 , and proteins 35 mg g −1 . The mass concentration of lignin is known to decrease in leaves [ 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

et al. 2021

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This study assessed the pyrolysis liquids obtained by slow pyrolysis of industrial hemp leaves, hurds, and roots. The liquids recovered between a pyrolysis temperature of 275–350 °C, at two condensation temperatures 130 °C and 70 °C, were analyzed. Aqueous and bio-oil pyrolysis liquids were produced and analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and atmospheric pressure photoionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (APPI FT-ICR MS). NMR revealed quantitative concentrations of the most abundant compounds in the aqueous fractions and compound groups in the oily fractions. In the aqueous fractions, the concentration range of acetic acid was 50–241 gL−1, methanol 2–30 gL−1, propanoic acid 5–20 gL−1, and 1-hydroxybutan-2-one 2 gL−1. GC-MS was used to compare the compositions of the volatile compounds and APPI FT-ICR MS was utilized to determine the most abundant higher molecular weight compounds. The different obtained pyrolysis liquids (aqueous and oily) had various volatile and nonvolatile compounds such as acetic acid, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 2-methoxyphenol, and cannabidiol. This study provides a detailed understanding of the chemical composition of pyrolysis liquids from different parts of the industrial hemp plant and assesses their possible economic potential.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

et al. 2021

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“…Hemicelluloses are less resistant to dilute acids and, unlike celluloses, they dissolve in dilute alkalis. Many different methods can be used to extract hemicellulose from woody and non-woody biomass [157,158] such as: alkaline extraction being the most popular [153,159], ionic liquid extraction [160], hot water extraction [161], alkaline hydrogen peroxide extraction [162], microwave assisted extraction [163], steam treatment [164], and acid pre-extraction [165].…”

Section: Hemicelluloses Aerogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biorefinery Approach for Aerogels

et al. 2020

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According to the International Energy Agency, biorefinery is “the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of marketable bio-based products (chemicals, materials) and bioenergy (fuels, power, heat)”. In this review, we survey how the biorefinery approach can be applied to highly porous and nanostructured materials, namely aerogels. Historically, aerogels were first developed using inorganic matter. Subsequently, synthetic polymers were also employed. At the beginning of the 21st century, new aerogels were created based on biomass. Which sources of biomass can be used to make aerogels and how? This review answers these questions, paying special attention to bio-aerogels’ environmental and biomedical applications. The article is a result of fruitful exchanges in the frame of the European project COST Action “CA 18125 AERoGELS: Advanced Engineering and Research of aeroGels for Environment and Life Sciences”.

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“…pectins) (Crônier et al, 2005). Each unitary fibre (or elementary fibre) is composed of concentric cylindrical walls and has a complex structure that contains the microfibrils of cellulose as basic units and matrix of amorphous polysaccharide including pectins, hemicelluloses and lignin (Bledzki and Gassan, 1999;Bourmaud et al, 2018;Väisänen et al, 2019). The variation of amount of hemp fibres substances has an impact on their intrinsic mechanical properties (Bourmaud et al, 2013;Marrot et al, 2013) that play a key role in mechanical performance of final composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of field retting and accelerated retting performed in a lab-scale pilot unit on the properties of hemp fibres/polypropylene biocomposites

Mazian

Bergeret

Bénézet

et al. 2020

Industrial Crops and Products

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Lignocellulosic fibres such as hemp fibres have emerged as an attractive alternative to nonrenewable fibers in the reinforcements in polymer composites. These fibres are subjected to pretreatment prior fibre extraction. In hemp industry, the retting is the first treatment applied to the plant after harvesting in order to separate the fibres from the central woody part of the stem. This treatment is needed to be more understood because of its importance for the development of high-performance hemp biocomposites. In this study, the influence of field retting treatment and lab-scale retting treatment of hemp fibres harvested at the end of flowering (EF) and at the seed maturity (SM) respectively, on hemp fibres /polypropylene biocomposites was investigated. The results highlight that, regardless the harvest period (initial state of the fibres) and type of retting, the thermal stability of biocomposite increased gradually with retting duration due to the increase of thermal stability of the fibres. The decomposition temperature of the fibres harvested at EF and SM increased from 335°C and 352°C, respectively to 350°C and 368°C for fibres that retted during five weeks. Tensile strength and Young's modulus of the biocomposites reinforced with fibres harvested at EF increase gradually until reaching a maximum (5 weeks) (46.0 ± 1.9 MPa and 4072 ± 196 MPa respectively), and then tends to decrease with a prolonged field retting (42.9 ± 1.6 MPa and 3627 ± 188 MPa respectively). In contrast, for biocomposites reinforced with fibres harvested at SM and retted in accelerated conditions, the tensile strength and Young's modulus decreased rapidly from 44.9 ± 2.2 MPa and 3732 ± 291 MPa for unretted fibres to 39.9 ± 2.6 MPa and 3327 ± 183 MPa for five week retted fibres.

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Effect of steam treatment on the chemical composition of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and identification of the extracted carbohydrates and other compounds

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

Biorefinery Approach for Aerogels

Impact of field retting and accelerated retting performed in a lab-scale pilot unit on the properties of hemp fibres/polypropylene biocomposites

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