Effect of statins on Parkinson's disease

Abstract

Background: Statins have key lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects. However, it remains unclear whether statins are beneficial to patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between statins and PD through a systematic review. Methods: This study adhered to the guideline of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Potentially relevant case-control or cohort studies published before March 2018 were identified by searching the MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE (OVID), CENTRAL (Cochrane Library), CNKI, WANGANG, VIP, CBM, CMCC, Clinicaltrials.gov, ProQuest, Opengray, and ISI Proceedings databases and conducting a manual search. Summarized relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed effect model. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: The meta-analysis included 17 studies (3,845,303 patients; 8 case-control and 9 cohort studies), including 5 articles not cited by other studies. We searched the Chinese database, but unfortunately, no Chinese literature can be included in the study. Briefly, statins could decrease the risk of PD, with a summary OR of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.99). A sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the results. Subgroup analyses revealed heterogeneity across the studies in terms of subject race, study type, reporting style, quality, statins type, and time for taking statins. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that statins, especially atorvastatin, can reduce the risk of PD. Different time of statins using has different effects on PD. However, additional randomized controlled trials and observational studies are needed to confirm this conclusion. Registration Id: PROSPERO CRD: 42018095580

Statin therapy and risk of Alzheimer's and age‐related neurodegenerative diseases

“…This study investigated the association between statin therapies and their non‐canonical neurologically relevant mechanisms of action and their efficacy of risk reduction across multiple age‐related NDD. Results reported herein are consistent with previously published outcomes for statin therapy and a single NDD 7,10–14,20,21,25,27,28,31–36,49 thereby validating our findings.…”

“…Multiple studies report an association between statin use and AD, 10–13,20 dementia, 7,21,25,26 MS, 27,28 PD, 29,30 and ALS 31,32 . Current meta‐analyses for AD, 21,33 dementia, 21 MS, 34 PD, 35 and ALS 36 suggest that statin use is associated with NDD risk decrements, except for ALS—as the evidence is insufficient to draw any conclusion—and all call for the addition of further studies to add to the existent literature.…”

Pros and cons for statins use and risk of Parkinson's disease: An updated perspective

“…A systematic review and meta‐analysis comprised 10 published studies confirmed the protective effects of statins against the development of PD 56 . Similarly, a systematic review and meta‐analysis comprised 17 published studies demonstrated that statin users mainly atorvastatin reduce PD risk 57 . These systematic review and meta‐analysis studies had some limitations including the results were obtained from observational studies, which are susceptible to various biases, selective, information, confounding, and follow‐up biases were unavailable in the cohort and case–control studies, the methods used to diagnose PD varied among the included studies, and most cases were diagnosed using medical records.…”

“…56 Similarly, a systematic review and meta-analysis comprised 17 published studies demonstrated that statin users mainly atorvastatin reduce PD risk. 57 These systematic review and meta-analysis studies had some Study type Findings Ref.…”

Repositioning and development of new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on neuroinflammation

“…However, the same was not observed between lovastatin users, which did not show a risk of PD decrease (Wolozin et al, 2007). A meta-analysis involving nine cohort and eight case-control studies has also suggested that statins (especially atorvastatin) could reduce the risk of PD (Yan et al, 2019). On the other hand, some studies showed that high levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides could be protective factors against PD (Fu et al, 2020;Rozani et al, 2018).…”