Effect of soil types and nitrogen fertilizer on nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in oil palm plantations

Sakata, Rosnaeni; Shuzoh, Shimada; Arai, Heihachiro; Yoshioka, Naho; Ryo, Yoshioka; Aoki, Hiroshi; Kimoto, Narutoshi; Sakamoto, Atsushi; Melling, Lulie; Inubushi, Kazuyuki

doi:10.1080/00380768.2014.960355

Cited by 53 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…On the other hand, annual SRt in the plantations were about 20-30% lower than the literature average (16.9 ± 1.4 Mg C ha -1 year -1 , n = 7). Combining our values with upto-date literature annual rates (Database available at http://hdl.handle.net/1902.1/22351 updated with the results by Sakata et al (2015)) brings the average soil respiration in OP plantations on peat down to 14.2 ± 1.4 Mg C ha -1 year -1 (n = 13). The range of SRt rates in OP plantations on peat is wide (10.9-28.4 Mg C ha -1 year -1 , n = 13) presumably owing to differences in inherent peat properties, land use history (e.g.…”

Section: Magnitude Of the Emissions And Land-use Change Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

et al. 2017

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Heterotrophic respiration is a major component of the soil C balance however we critically lack understanding of its variation upon conversion of peat swamp forests in tropical areas. Our research focused on a primary peat swamp forest and two oil palm plantations aged 1 (OP2012) and 6 years (OP2007). Total and heterotrophic soil respiration were monitored over 13 months in paired control and trenched plots. Spatial variability was taken into account by differentiating hummocks from hollows in the forest; close to palm from far from palm positions in the plantations. Annual total soil respiration was the highest in the oldest plantation (13.8 ± 0.3 Mg C ha -1 year -1 ) followed by the forest and youngest plantation (12.9 ± 0.3 and 11.7 ± 0.4 Mg C ha , respectively). In contrast, the contribution of heterotrophic to total respiration and annual heterotrophic respiration were lower in the forest (55.1 ± 2.8%; 7.1 ± 0.4 Mg C ha -1 year -1 ) than in the plantations (82.5 ± 5.8 and 61.0 ± 2.3%; 9.6 ± 0.8 and 8.4 ± 0.3 Mg C ha -1 year -1 in the OP2012 and OP2007, respectively). The use of total soil respiration rates measured far from palms as an indicator of heterotrophic respiration, as proposed in the literature, overestimates peat and litter mineralization by around 21%. Preliminary budget estimates suggest that over the monitoring period, the peat was a net C source in all land uses; C loss in the plantations was more than twice the loss observed in the forest.

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Section: Magnitude Of the Emissions And Land-use Change Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

et al. 2017

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“…In their natural waterlogged state the peatlands of Southeast Asia have served as carbon sinks, accumulating large quantities of peat over thousands of years (Page et al 2004, Dommain et al 2011. But drainage, that is typically associated with peatland utilization, often combined with a change in vegetation cover and the use of fertilizers, results in peat oxidation in the upper peat profile , Couwenberg and Hooijer 2013, Hirano et al 2014, Carlson et al 2015, Sakata et al 2015, Comeau et al 2016. Furthermore, peatland drainage leads to increased flux of dissolved organic carbon (Moore et al 2013, Evans et al 2014 and increased emissions of other greenhouse gases (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From carbon sink to carbon source: extensive peat oxidation in insular Southeast Asia since 1990

Miettinen

Hooijer

Vernimmen

et al. 2017

Environ. Res. Lett.

193

157

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Tropical peatlands of the western part of insular Southeast Asia have experienced extensive land cover changes since 1990. Typically involving drainage, these land cover changes have resulted in increased peat oxidation in the upper peat profile. In this paper we provide current (2015) and cumulative carbon emissions estimates since 1990 from peat oxidation in Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo, utilizing newly published peatland land cover information and the recently agreed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) peat oxidation emission values for tropical peatland areas. Our results highlight the change of one of the Earth's most efficient long-term carbon sinks to a short-term emission source, with cumulative carbon emissions since 1990 estimated to have been in the order of 2.5 Gt C. Current (2015) levels of emissions are estimated at around 146 Mt C yr À1 , with a range of 132-159 Mt C yr À1 depending on the selection of emissions factors for different land cover types. 44% (or 64 Mt C yr À1 ) of the emissions come from industrial plantations (mainly oil palm and Acacia pulpwood), followed by 34% (49 Mt C yr À1 ) of emissions from small-holder areas. Thus, altogether 78% of current peat oxidation emissions come from managed land cover types. Although based on the latest information, these estimates may still include considerable, yet currently unquantifiable, uncertainties (e.g. due to uncertainties in the extent of peatlands and drainage networks) which need to be focused on in future research. In comparison, fire induced carbon dioxide emissions over the past ten years for the entire equatorial Southeast Asia region have been estimated to average 122 Mt C yr À1 (www.globalfiredata.org/_index.html). The results emphasise that whilst reducing emissions from peat fires is important, urgent efforts are also needed to mitigate the constantly high level of emissions arising from peat drainage, regardless of fire occurrence.

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“…Until now, very few trials have been carried out on mineral soils. Those that have been conducted include studies from Indonesia (Ishizuka et al, ; Sakata et al, ) and Papua New Guinea (Murom, ). These studies were severely constrained by a very limited sampling (five times), a short duration (17 and 30 days) or an absence of information on fertilizers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil greenhouse gas emissions from inorganic fertilizers and recycled oil palm waste products from Indonesian oil palm plantations

et al. 2019

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A continuous rise in the global demand for palm oil has resulted in the large‐scale expansion of oil palm plantations and generated environmental controversy. Efforts to increase the sustainability of oil palm cultivation include the recycling of oil mill and pruning residues in the field, but this may increase soil methane (CH4) emissions. This study reports the results of yearlong field‐based measurements of soil nitrous oxide (N2O) and CH4 emissions from commercial plantations in North Sumatra, Indonesia. One experiment investigated the effects of soil‐water saturation on N2O and CH4 emissions from inorganic fertilizers and organic amendments by simulating 25 mm rainfall per day for 21 days. Three additional experiments focused on emissions from (a) inorganic fertilizer (urea), (b) combination of enriched mulch with urea and (c) organic amendments (empty fruit bunches, enriched mulch and pruned oil palm fronds) applied in different doses and spatial layouts (placed in inter‐row zones, piles, patches or bands) for a full year. The higher dose of urea led to a significantly higher N2O emissions with the emission factors ranging from 2.4% to 2.7% in the long‐term experiment, which is considerably higher than the IPCC standard of 1%. Organic amendments were a significant source of both N2O and CH4 emissions, but N2O emissions from organic amendments were 66%–86% lower than those from inorganic fertilizers. Organic amendments applied in piles emitted 63% and 71% more N2O and CH4, respectively, than when spread out. With twice the dose of organic amendments, cumulative emissions were up to three times greater. The (simulated) rainwater experiment showed that the increase in precipitation led to a significant increase in N2O emissions significantly, suggesting that the time of fertilization is a critical management option for reducing emissions. The results from this study could therefore help guide residue and nutrient management practices to reduce emissions while ensuring better nutrient recycling for sustainable oil palm production systems.

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Effect of soil types and nitrogen fertilizer on nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in oil palm plantations

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Total and heterotrophic soil respiration in a swamp forest and oil palm plantations on peat in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

From carbon sink to carbon source: extensive peat oxidation in insular Southeast Asia since 1990

Soil greenhouse gas emissions from inorganic fertilizers and recycled oil palm waste products from Indonesian oil palm plantations

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