Effect of soccer shoe upper on ball behaviour in curve kicks

Abstract

New soccer shoes have been developed by considering various concepts related to kicking, such as curving a soccer ball. However, the effects of shoes on ball behaviour remain unclear. In this study, by using a finite element simulation, we investigated the factors that affect ball behaviour immediately after impact in a curve kick. Five experienced male university soccer players performed one curve kick. We developed a finite element model of the foot and ball and evaluated the validity of the model by comparing the finite element results for the ball behaviour immediately after impact with the experimental results. The launch angle, ball velocity, and ball rotation in the finite element analysis were all in general agreement with the experimental results. Using the validated finite element model, we simulated the ball behaviour. The simulation results indicated that the larger the foot velocity immediately before impact, the larger the ball velocity and ball rotation. Furthermore, the Young's modulus of the shoe upper and the coefficient of friction between the shoe upper and the ball had little effect on the launch angle, ball velocity, and ball rotation. The results of this study suggest that the shoe upper does not significantly influence ball behaviour.

Cushioning mechanism of the metatarsals during landing for the skateboarding ollie maneuver

“…First, the bone and cartilage of the foot were fused in this study to simplify the model upon considering the complex computational environment of multibody coupling. At present, several studies have shown that it is feasible to use fused bone for research ( Ishii et al, 2014 ; Nouman et al, 2021 ), but there are also studies showing that the use of fused bone will increase the contact pressure. Therefore, the multibody coupling model used here must be refined ( Wang et al, 2014 ).…”

Mechanical Parameters of Leather in Relation to Technological Processing of the Footwear Uppers

“…Furthermore, this suggests the importance of correctly defining the materials’ properties in certain product areas, such as stitched and perforated ones. In existing studies [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], the properties are considered homogeneous over the entire surface of the footwear’s upper.…”

“…The regular samples were cut in parallel and perpendicular to the backbone from the shoulder, butt and belly areas. In other studies, the properties of upper assembly are considered homogeneous over the entire surface of the footwear’s upper [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. However, footwear is a structural complex multilayer product, where its parts/components are organised into groups and subgroups.…”

The Coefficient of Friction of Soccer Balls

“…However, the magnitudes of what is considered too high or too low were not defined. Others have attempted to model the foot to ball interaction, including mathematical models [4] and finite element models [5,6]. Nevertheless, these two approaches require the foot to ball Coefficient of Friction (COF) for any realistic modelling.…”