Effect of smart textile metamaterials on electromagnetic performance for wireless body area network systems

Abstract

In this work, the utilization of different textile materials for manufacturing of metamaterial with the aim of controlling the signal propagation on smart textile applications is investigated. The performance of composite structures of embroidered yarn conductor transmission lines loaded with split-ring resonator geometries in felt and cotton substrates are reported. The proposed structure allows propagating or filtering the transmitted signal in the microwave frequency range. The experimental results exhibit a rejection band between 1.3 and 2.6 GHz for felt substrate and between 1.6 and 2.6 GHz for cotton substrate with stop-band levels lower than-20 dB. The presented e-textile structures are designed, electromagnetically simulated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with 3D electromagnetic simulations. The effect of bending of the e-textiles for realistic scenario is also studied. The experimental results show that by changing the radius of bending from 10 mm to 65 mm, the resonance frequency is shifted up 290 MHz and 144 MHz for cotton and felt substrates, respectively.

Flexible leather substrate dual-band wearable antenna with impact analysis on testing under wet condition for human rescue system

“…Therefore, it is observed that the H patterns of radiations have omni-directional radiation properties. According to the radiation results, the radiation patterns show a significant reduction in back lobe radiations as observed from Figures 16,17,18 and 19. Therefore, a considerable enhancement in the proposed design performance is attained.…”

“…WBANs are designed not only for healthcare applications but are also considered for sports and other entertainments. [17][18][19][20] Other developing wireless technologies are also available, such as power transfer, 21 RFID, 22 search and rescue applications 23 and medical applications. 24 However, their main aim is high bandwidth with reduced power consumption.…”

E-Textile Metamaterials: Stop Band Pass Filter

“…On the other hand, metamaterials (MTMs) [3,4] are an attractive topic for researchers recently, which they have applied for improving microwave systems such as antennas, filters, and sensors [5][6][7]. Recently, MTMs have been integrated into textiles and have led to the development of MTM in a variety of reported fields, such as e-textile metamaterial transmission lines [8], MTM textile sensors [9], MTM microwave absorbers [10], double ring resonators garment antenna [11], and (in the field of filtering) e-textile band pass filters [12]. Furthermore, split-ring resonators (SRRs), which were introduced by [3,13], make an effective magnetic coupling with microstrip topology, that they don't need additional magnetic materials.…”

Band-stop filter design based on split ring resonators loaded on the microstrip transmission line for GSM-900 and 2.4 GHz ISM band

“…Metamaterials are artificial materials and in desired frequency, they may exhibit extraordinary electromagnetic properties (e.g., negative permeability, negative permittivity, reverse Doppler Effect and negative refractive) [1,2]. Due to these features, it takes place in many applications such as filters [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], antenna [23,24], absorbers [25,26] and sensors [4,5,13,14,16,18,21,22,27,28]. Split ring resonators (SRR) are one of the most preferred structures for electromagnetic metamaterials design [2-5, 8, 14, 18].…”

“…One of the applications in which metamaterials are widely used is filters [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In this study, it was aimed to design a band-stop filter for GSM-900 and 2.4 GHz ISM band.…”