Effect of skin temperature on salt concentration of sweat

Robinson, Sarah; Gerking, Shelby D.; Turrell, Eugene S.; Kincaid, R. K.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.1950.2.12.654

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Sweat ion concentrations reported in early studies (Smith 1890;Jirka and Kotas 1959;Soliman and Nadim 1967) are substantially higher than concentrations reported here, probably reflecting an artificial elevation of sweat components due to evaporation of water from samples during the collection period. Carlson and Ocen (1979) Local factors have been shown to affect sweat composition in humans (Robinson et al 1950;Van Heyningen and Weiner 1951;Dill et al 1966). The technique of whole body wash down is reported to be the most accurate method for quantitative determination of sweat in human studies (Robinson and Robinson 1954).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present data showed a similar high degree of individual variation, with the "a+] and [Cl-] varying by up to 200 mmol/l and [K+] by 50 mmol/l. The ionic concentration of human sweat varies markedly between individuals and is affected by the sweating rate, skin temperature and the state of heat acclimatisation of the subject (Robinson et al 1950;Robinson and Robinson 1954;Dill et al 1966;Costill 1977). Concentrations can range by as much as: Na+ 20-135 mmoM, K+ 3.5-35 mmol/l and C1-10-100 mmoVl (Robinson and Robinson 1954;Sat0 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Equine sweat composition: effects of adrenaline infusion, exercise and training

McCONAGHY

Hodgson

Evans

et al. 1995

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Significant alterations in plasma electrolyte concentrations have been reported in horses following prolonged exercise, resulting from loss of hypertonic sweat. Sweat was collected from 10 horses undergoing a 10 week training programme; 5 at moderate intensity, to speeds of 10 m/s and 5 at low intensity, to speeds of 5 m/s. Sweat was collected from 2 sites in response to a submaximal exercise test (30 min at 50% V̇O2max and during an adrenaline infusion (dose mean ± s.d.; 0.3 ± 0.05 g/kg over 30 min). Sweat samples were analysed for sodium, chloride, potassium, protein, magnesium, calcium and urea concentrations. Sweat produced in response to exercise and adrenaline infusion was hypertonic and showed no significant differences in composition following training. However, the [NaCl] of sweat rose with increased duration of sweating. Sweat produced in response to adrenaline infusion was more dilute than that produced in response to exercise, which may be related to sympathetic outflow during exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine sweat composition: effects of adrenaline infusion, exercise and training

McCONAGHY

Hodgson

Evans

et al. 1995

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Thus the skin temperature does not appear to have any direct effect on the sweat sodium concentration. Robinson et al (1950) have shown that when two arms are maintained at different temperatures the sweat rate of the cool arm is sometimes greater than that of the warm arm, but that the latter invariably has the higher salt concentration. They conclude that skin temperature has a direct effect on the salt concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concentration of sodium in thermal sweat

Bulmer¹,

Forwell²

1956

The Journal of Physiology

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“…In vivo, Robinson et al (1950) showed that when the two arms are maintained at different temperatures, the sweating rate of the cool arm sometimes exceeds that of the warm arm, but that the latter invariably has the higher salt concentration. They and other investigators concluded that the skin temperature has a direct effect on the sweat ion concentration (Johnson et al 1944;Robinson et al 1950;Weiner and Heyningen 1952). Conversely, Bulmer and Forwell (1956) stated that skin temperature has little or no effect on the sweat salt concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of skin temperature on the ion reabsorption capacity of sweat glands during exercise in humans

et al. 2005

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The effect of skin temperature on the ion reabsorption capacity of sweat glands during exercise in humans is unknown. In this study, eight healthy subjects performed a 60-min cycling exercise at a constant intensity (60% VO(2max)) under moderate (25 degrees C) and cool (15 degrees C) ambient temperatures at a constant relative humidity of 40%. The sweating rate (SR), index of sweat ion concentration (ISIC) by using sweat conductivity, esophageal temperature (Tes), mean skin temperature, and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously under both ambient temperatures. The SR and ISIC were significantly lower at the cool ambient temperature versus the moderate temperature. There were no significant differences in the changes in HR and esophageal temperature between these ambient temperature conditions, while the mean skin temperature was significantly lower at the cool ambient temperature by almost 3 degrees C (P < 0.05). The slopes of the relationships between Tes and the SR and ISIC were significantly lower and the thresholds of these relationships were significantly higher at the cool ambient temperature (P < 0.05). The ion reabsorption capacity of the sweat glands was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in a cool environment (0.21 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.52 +/- 0.06 mg/cm(2)/min at 15 and 25 degrees C, respectively) as evaluated using the relationships for SR and ISIC. The results suggest that the ion reabsorption capacity of the sweat glands is influenced by skin temperature during exercise in humans.

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Effect of skin temperature on salt concentration of sweat

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Equine sweat composition: effects of adrenaline infusion, exercise and training

Equine sweat composition: effects of adrenaline infusion, exercise and training

The concentration of sodium in thermal sweat

Effect of skin temperature on the ion reabsorption capacity of sweat glands during exercise in humans

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